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The southern part of Shenfu Coalfield is located in the hinterland of the Mu Us Desert. Due to long-term coal mining, the geological structure has been damaged, causing serious impacts on the ecological environment of the mining area. Under the comprehensive factors of global warming, northward movement of precipitation lines, and ecological restoration and protection within the mining area, the overall ecological environment change in the area is showing a positive trend, but there are still negative changes in some areas. In order to conduct a detailed analysis of the impact of underground coal mining in Shenfu Coalfield on the ecological environment changes in the sandy grassland area, Landsat 8 satellite remote sensing data from the research area since 2014 were selected. Through remote sensing image preprocessing and indicator parameter calculation, the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) and vegetation coverage (FVC) were compared and analyzed to analyze the ecological environment changes in the area, Overall, the vegetation coverage in the study area reflects a downward trend from 2014 to 2016, and an overall upward trend from 2016 to 2022. Comprehensive analysis shows that changes in vegetation ecological environment are influenced by coal mining subsidence, groundwater level decline, land occupation damage, and artificial surface engineering activities. Overall, the increase in natural precipitation and artificial ecological environment restoration measures since 2016 are the main factors for the gradual improvement of the ecological environment in mining areas.
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