Enzyme and microbial sensors for environmental monitoring

U. Wollenberger; B. Neumann; Frieder W. Scheller

doi:10.1117/12.140253

9 March 1993 Enzyme and microbial sensors for environmental monitoring

U. Wollenberger, B. Neumann, Frieder W. Scheller

Proceedings Volume 1716, International Conference on Monitoring of Toxic Chemicals and Biomarkers; (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.140253
Event: Environmental Sensing '92, 1992, Berlin, Germany

Abstract

Biosensors employing the biocatalyst on a different level of integration have been developed for monitoring environmental pollution. These probes range from laboratory specimen to commercial detectors applied to analyzers. This paper presents a selection of recent developments on amperometric enzyme and microbial biosensors. A monoenzymatic bulk type carbon electrode is described for biosensing organic hydroperoxides in aqueous solutions. Here, peroxidase is immobilized within the electrode body and the direct electron transfer between electrode and enzyme is measured. Both, reversible and irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase have been quantified by using a kinetically controlled acetylcholine enzyme sequence electrode. The inhibitory effect of pesticides such as butoxycarboxime, dimethoate, and trichlorfon could be quantified within 6 min in micrometers olar concentrations. Different multi-enzyme electrodes have been developed for the determination of inorganic phosphate. These sensors represent examples of sequentially acting enzymes in combination with enzymatic analyte recycling. Using this type of amplification nanomolar concentrations could be measured. A very fast responding microbial sensor for biological oxygen demand has been developed by immobilizing Trichosporon cutaneum onto an oxygen electrode. With this whole cell sensor waste water can be assayed with a sample frequency of 20 per hour and a working stability of more than 30 days.

Citation Download Citation

U. Wollenberger, B. Neumann, and Frieder W. Scheller "Enzyme and microbial sensors for environmental monitoring", Proc. SPIE 1716, International Conference on Monitoring of Toxic Chemicals and Biomarkers, (9 March 1993); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.140253

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