Confinement and enhancement of light in structures only few atomic diameters across may enable a new class of devices with functionalities in the macroscopic continuum. Pushing toward the ultraviolet range calls for renewed studies of metals, semiconductors, and conductive oxides. For example, aluminum is inexpensive, stable, abundant, has a unique spectral response, and is compatible with metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. We use a hydrodynamic-Maxwell approach to study harmonic generation in nanolayers and gratings in the femtosecond regime and compare with predictions of harmonic generation from gold and silicon gratings, and a cadmium oxide nanofilm arranged in a Kretschmann configuration.
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