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Currently it is becoming very important to enhance the capacity of single-wavelength carrier by introducing multiplexed channels carried by multiple guided-modes as well as dual polarizations in optical interconnects. For the realization of mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) and polarization-division-multiplexing (PDM), one of the keys is the realization of efficient mode/polarization-manipulation. Accordingly, it is desired to develop various high-performance photonic integrated devices for mode/polarization-manipulation-on-chip. Silicon photonics provides an attractive option for realizing ultra-compact photonics integrated devices and has been developed very successfully. Great progresses has been made on the development of silicon photonic devices for mode/polarization-manipulation-on-chip, which is reviewed in this paper.
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