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7 March 2019 Spatially confined ultrasound neuromodulation via miniaturized fiber-optoacoustic converter (Conference Presentation)
Ying Jiang, Lu Lan, Hua-an Tseng, Chen Yang, Hengye Man, Xue Han, Ji-Xin Cheng
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Proceedings Volume 10866, Optogenetics and Optical Manipulation 2019; 108660H (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2508652
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2019, San Francisco, California, United States
Abstract
Ultrasound has been recently explored as a new modality for neural modulation. However, one of the challenges in ultrasound neural modulation is that delivery of transcranial ultrasound would inevitably go through the skull, and eventually reach the cochlear through bone transduction. Moreover, the presence of skull will compromise ultrasound focus, resulting in poor spatial resolution. Here, we developed a miniaturized Fiber-Optoacoustic Converter (FOC), which has a diameter of 600 μm, and can convert nano-second laser pulses into omni-directional acoustic waves through the optoacoustic effect. The ball shaped FOC is composed of one ZnO /epoxy based diffusion layer and two graphite/epoxy based absorption layer. The radiofrequency spectrum of the generated US frequency ranges from 0.1-5 MHz, with multiple frequencies peaks at 0.5, 1 and 3MHz. Using this FOC system, we show that ultrasound can directly activate individual cortical neuron in vitro, and generate intracellular Ca2+ transient without neural damage. We next demonstrate that the FOC is activates neurons with a radius of 500 μm around the FOC tip, delivering superior spatial resolution. The stimulation effect is specific to neurons, but not glial cells. We also provide evidence of transient mechanical disturbance of neuronal membrane as the mechanism for FOC neural modulation. Finally, we combine FOC neural modulation with electrophysiology, and achieve direct and spatially confined neural stimulation in vivo.
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Ying Jiang, Lu Lan, Hua-an Tseng, Chen Yang, Hengye Man, Xue Han, and Ji-Xin Cheng "Spatially confined ultrasound neuromodulation via miniaturized fiber-optoacoustic converter (Conference Presentation)", Proc. SPIE 10866, Optogenetics and Optical Manipulation 2019, 108660H (7 March 2019); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2508652
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KEYWORDS
Ultrasonography
Optical fiber cables
Modulation
Neurons
Skull
Spatial resolution
Acoustics
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