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Laser-induced damage threshold decreases when an optic is exposed to multiple laser pulses. In the femtosecond regime, the fatigue of dielectric materials is attributed to incubation of laser-induced lattice states. The goal of this study is to investigate sub-critical damage in a quantitative manner so that the lifetime of single-layer dielectric coatings could be predicted for femtosecond applications. Sub-critical damage was found to consist of localized nanogrooves (100 nm wide, 1-2 um long) oriented perpendicularly to laser polarization. Simple fatigue model was used to simulate fatigue curves which were in good agreement with experimental S-on-1 data for the catastrophic damage.
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Linas Smalakys, Evelina Drobužaitė, Balys Momgaudis, Robertas Grigutis, Andrius Melninkaitis, "Quantitative model of fatigue induced by femtosecond laser pulses in dielectric coatings," Proc. SPIE 11514, Laser-induced Damage in Optical Materials 2020, 115141W (11 September 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2571851