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Different from the traditional daytime Remote Sensing (RS) observation data, Nighttime light (NTL) RS images have shown their great potential in earth observation applications from a unique point of view. With the launch of the China’s new generation Luojia1-01 (LJ1-01) NTL satellite, the acquisition of the high spatial resolution and high quality NTL imagery make it possible to identify the disaster event and its temporal change by using the automatic Change Detection (CD) techniques. It is a strong complement to the daytime remote sensing information. In this paper, we proposed a multiple feature fusion CD approach for fire disaster event monitoring in multitemporal high resolution LJ1-01 NTL images. The multiple texture features were fused by taking advantages of the Multivariate Alteration Detection (MAD) and its Iteratively-Reweighted version (IR-MAD) algorithms, in order to improve the CD performance limited by using the original single-band gray-level NTL images. Experimental results obtained on the multitemporal LJ1-01 NTL images demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed CD technique in implementing an automatic and accurate extraction of fire disaster event of the 2018 California Camp fire. The proposed approach outperformed the ones only relying on the gray-scale original band and single texture features. The conclusion of this study explores the possibility and potential by using high resolution NTL data for CD, in particular, for the effective emergency and rescue in major disaster monitoring applications.
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