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Coherent Ising Machines (CIMs) are an emerging class of computational architectures that embed hard combinatorial optimization problems in the continuous dynamics of a physical system with analog degrees of freedom. While crisp theoretical results on the ultimate performance and scaling of such architectures are lacking, large-scale experimental prototypes have begun to exhibit promising results in practice. Our team at Stanford has begun to study the fundamental properties of CIM dynamics using a combination of techniques from statistical physics, random matrices, and dynamical systems theory. Many connections to recent work in neuroscience and deep learning are noted. Our work focuses specifically on CIMs that utilize the nonlinear threshold behavior of optical parametric oscillators to effect a soft (potentially glassy) transition between linear and binary dynamical regimes.
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Hideo Mabuchi, Surya Ganguli, Daniel Wennberg, Atsushi Yamamura, Edwin Ng, Ryotatsu Yanagimoto, "Coherent Ising machines based on optical parametric oscillators," Proc. SPIE 11703, AI and Optical Data Sciences II, 1170304 (5 March 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2576941