Transport of intensity equation (TIE) is an established quantitative phase imaging (QPI) method derived from paraxial approximation, however, this approximation limits TIE to retrieve high-resolution QPI. Thus, we present a dark-field transport of intensity equation (DFTIE) approach to improve resolution, solving the attenuation and blurring at high frequencies, which is combined iterative TIE phase retrieval with high-angle illumination coherent-mode decomposition to improve the maximum resolution under low numerical aperture objective. Simulation results demonstrate that DFTIE can achieve high-contrast and high-resolution QPI over the whole theoretical bandwidth, showing efficiency for high-throughput imaging. With the simple mode (only bright-field and dark-field are required) and multiplexing illumination, the imaging signal-to-noise ratio is higher, offering a flexible and cost-effective alternative for biomedical research and cellular investigations.
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