Effective reflectivity for flat and spherical external cavity semiconductor laser with multi spatial mode beam profile

Radwa A. Abbas; Yasser M. Sabry; Diaa Khalil

doi:10.1117/12.3002222

12 March 2024 Effective reflectivity for flat and spherical external cavity semiconductor laser with multi spatial mode beam profile

Radwa A. Abbas, Yasser M. Sabry, Diaa Khalil

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 12889, Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies XXVIII; 128890V (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3002222
Event: SPIE OPTO, 2024, San Francisco, California, United States

Conference Poster

Abstract

External cavity semiconductor laser was extensively studied in academia and industry due to their ability to tune the laser output characteristics which is suitable for different applications. Previously reported models used effective reflectivity term to incorporate the external cavity interactions with the output beam profile as a plane wave. Despite the practical observations detecting the multi-beam spatial nature of the output profile for numerous laser structures. In this work, the effective reflectivity equation is investigated while considering the multi spatial beam profile. The emitted beam profile follows a flat top Gaussian distribution. The flat top Gaussian is segmented as the weighted sum of higher order Hermite Gaussian modes. The total coupling efficiency is investigated upon reflection from a flat and (50, 100, 200 μm) spherical mirror configurations with the aid of Huygens Fresnel integration and ABCD matrix. The simulation results indicate that the spherical mirror configurations achieve maximum coupling when placed at near and far positions from the emitted beam, while the flat mirror requires a near position to accomplish maximum coupling. For the flat mirror configuration, the effective coupling efficiency 3 dB coupling decreases by 76% when comparing a beam profile consisting of one beam to eight beam profile. A 100 μm spherical mirror results in similar behavior which is attributed to the diffraction phenomena. The effective reflectivity is calculated for both plane wave and multi spatial beams beam profiles where the effective reflectivity envelope was modulated by the coupling efficiency of multi spatial beams beam profiles.

(2024) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

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Radwa A. Abbas, Yasser M. Sabry, and Diaa Khalil "Effective reflectivity for flat and spherical external cavity semiconductor laser with multi spatial mode beam profile", Proc. SPIE 12889, Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies XXVIII, 128890V (12 March 2024); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3002222

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