Development and applications of CRISPR/Cas system in genetic engineering

Donghan You

doi:10.1117/12.3013065

8 January 2024 Development and applications of CRISPR/Cas system in genetic engineering

Donghan You

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 12924, Third International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed2023); 129241S (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013065
Event: 3rd International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed2023), 2023, ONLINE, United Kingdom

Abstract

Less than ten years after the discovery of the key chemical components of the system, the invention of a technique for genome editing based on CRISPR-Cas9 technology was recognized with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020. In this paper, the working mechanism and historical development of CRISPR are briefly described, the CRISPR/Cas system is a type of microbial adaptive immune system that gives resistance to plasmids and other non-native genetic materials. This review provides a brief history of the pioneering contributions and the researchers who advanced this topic after its first discovery. Next, how CRISPR regulates gene expression and realizes gene editing in organisms is described in detail, and its application achievements in various fields are also listed. Finally, the development foreground of the system as a high-precision method to edit genome is discussed, and the safety and ethical issues that may be caused by the application of prediction are considered. The differences, merits, and drawbacks of CRISPR and other gene editing techniques are reviewed after a brief description of the working mechanism and history of CRISPR. Then, a detailed explanation of how CRISPR controls gene expression and enables gene editing in organisms is given, along with a list of the many areas in which it has been successfully used. Last but not least, the prospective study for the CRISPR to become a high-precision gene editing technique is discussed, and potential risks and ethical issues associated with the use of prediction are considered.

(2024) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

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Donghan You "Development and applications of CRISPR/Cas system in genetic engineering", Proc. SPIE 12924, Third International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed2023), 129241S (8 January 2024); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013065

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KEYWORDS

Cancer

Diseases and disorders

Genetics

Proteins

Genetic engineering

Target recognition

Animal model studies

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