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The laser induced ignition of endotracheal tubes is seen as the most dangerous accident during laser surgical treatment. During the years the laser resistance could be improved by various temperature resistant material and sophisticated constructions. Also the testing procedure to determine the laser resistance was standardized. The International Standard ISO/DIS 1 1990 (Draft) "Optics and optical instrumentation — Lasers and laser-related equipment — Determination of laser resistance of tracheal tube shafts" gives clear information about the testing apparatus and the preparation of the test specimen. It states a containment box with specified dimensions and a specified gas environment, i.e. an oxygen flow rate of 1 I/mm through the tracheal tube and an oxygen concentration of (98 ± 2) % outside of the tube and inside of the box. The paper reports on the technical and physical problems which have to be solved to fulfil these conditions. Especially the predicted environmental concentration is difficult to reach and brings the containment box as well as the whole testing apparatus in high risk of ignition.
Hans-Jochen Foth
"Testing the laser resistance of tracheal tubes as regarded by the draft of the International Standard ISO/DIS 11990", Proc. SPIE 4609, Lasers in Surgery: Advanced Characterization, Therapeutics, and Systems XII, (17 June 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.441091
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Hans-Jochen Foth, "Testing the laser resistance of tracheal tubes as regarded by the draft of the International Standard ISO/DIS 11990," Proc. SPIE 4609, Lasers in Surgery: Advanced Characterization, Therapeutics, and Systems XII, (17 June 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.441091