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Stokes Shift Spectroscopy (S3) offers a novel way to rapidly measure spectral fingerprints of complex molecular mixtures in tissue. The changes of key fluorophores from normal state to the malignant state can be reflected by alteration of Stokes Shift Spectra (S3 spectra). S3 measurements can be used to acquire enough information of different key fluorophores from one spectrum to speed up spectral acquisition time. In this study, we demonstrate the usefulness of the S3 technique to distinguish the malignant tissue from the normal prostate and breast tissues. The optimal wavelength shift constant (Δλc) of S3 spectra measurements for prostate/breast cancer detection were determined to be 40 nm. The underlying physical and biological basis for S3 is discussed. For the first time, our work explicitly discloses how and why S3 is supreme in comparison with other conventional spectroscopic techniques.
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Yang Pu, W. B. Wang, Yuanlong Yang, Robert R. Alfano, "The efficacy of Stokes Shift Spectroscopy for detecting prostate and breast cancer tissues," Proc. SPIE 8577, Optical Biopsy XI, 857702 (19 March 2013); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2000076