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We demonstrate optical redox ratio and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of intrinsic metabolic co-factors NAD(P)H and FAD to quantify metabolic changes in human immune cells from peripheral blood. This approach is attractive because it does not require cell surface labels or transfection, enabling rapid assessment of single cell metabolism. Multiphoton microscopy provides near infrared excitation of these autofluorescent molecules, thereby maximizing cell viability. Newly trained neural networks automatically segment single cells for analysis of heterogeneity within and between patients. Overall, this approach is attractive for both basic research and patient management in cancer and immunology.
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Melissa C. Skala, Rebecca Schmitz, Kelsey Tweed, Peter R. Rehani, Kayvan Samimi, Isabel Jones, Emmanuel Contreras Guzman, "Fluorescence lifetime imaging of NAD(P)H and FAD to monitor immune cell metabolism and function (Conference Presentation)," Proc. SPIE PC12384, Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XXIII, PC1238403 (15 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2655492