The last 36 years has seen a steady increase in the deployment of photonic integrated components. Over most of this history, the development of integrated photonic systems in both III-V and Group IV materials has been driven by the needs of fibre optic systems – driven primarily by the properties of the transmission media (single-mode vs multi-mode fibre, fibre gain, etc). Today, photonic integration is increasingly driven by the unique properties of high-performance electronic-photonic interfaces. The low-capacitance, low-energy, high-bandwidth density of photonic integrated systems is now driving optical interconnection into board-scale, chip-scale, and intra-chip photonic systems.
Here, we consider new applications ranging from (1) deep learning systems and other data intensive classical compute applications, (2) optically addressed quantum computing fabrics – with tremendous progress being made today in the area of trapped-ion quantum computing, and (3) next-generation brain-computer interfaces where photonics may play an important role in massively parallel signal detection.
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