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In this chapter, solutions of the perturbative DE by the Born approximation are presented. The main frame of the theory is described and is applied to calculate the perturbation due to absorbing and scattering inclusions located inside diffusive media (Sec. 13.1). Explicit formulas derived from the DE will be provided for an infinite homogeneous medium (Sec. 13.2) and for an infinite homogeneous slab (Sec. 13.3). In Secs. 13.4 and 13.5, the perturbation approach is also extended to the hybrid models of Ch. 10 and to solutions for a layered slab. Finally, in Sec. 13.6, the formalism of the internal pathlength moments is used to represent absorbing perturbations in scattering media. In Secs. 13.2 and 13.3, figures obtained with some of the presented solutions are also reported.
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