Femtosecond laser inscribed cladding waveguide structures in LiNbO3 crystal for beam splitters

Shi-Ling Li; Yong-Kai Ye; Chuan-Ying Shen; Hai-Long Wang

doi:10.1117/1.OE.57.11.117103

3 November 2018 Femtosecond laser inscribed cladding waveguide structures in LiNbO₃ crystal for beam splitters

Shi-Ling Li, Yong-Kai Ye, Chuan-Ying Shen, Hai-Long Wang

Author Affiliations +

Optical Engineering, Vol. 57, Issue 11, 117103 (November 2018). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.57.11.117103

Abstract

Depressed cladding, buried waveguides, and beam splitters in z cut LiNbO₃ crystals were fabricated by femtosecond laser inscription. Straightforward cladding waveguides were optimized by varying the laser writing conditions. Minimum propagation losses of 0.74 dB / cm at 1.05-μm wavelength were obtained. Two-dimensional 1 × 2 and three-dimensional 1 × 4 beam splitters were realized. 1 × 2 Y-splitters with circular cladding geometry are fabricated with 60-μm diameter input ends, corresponding to two 30-μm diameter output ends, respectively. The full branching angle between the two output arms are changing from 0.5 deg to 2.4 deg. The splitters were characterized both experimentally and numerically, showing excellent properties including symmetrical output ends and equalized splitting ratio. 1 × 4 splitters with square cladding geometry reached splitting ratios of 26 ∶ 26 ∶ 22 ∶ 26. The micro-Raman spectra indicate the slight microstructural lattice changes in the track and core region.

Citation Download Citation

Shi-Ling Li, Yong-Kai Ye, Chuan-Ying Shen, and Hai-Long Wang "Femtosecond laser inscribed cladding waveguide structures in LiNbO₃ crystal for beam splitters," Optical Engineering 57(11), 117103 (3 November 2018). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.57.11.117103

Received: 2 September 2018; Accepted: 17 October 2018; Published: 3 November 2018

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