The size and density of nanopits, generated at the surface of their top layer, strongly affect the electrical and optical properties of AlGaN-based structures. Therefore, the control of the layer quality evolution as a function of the nanopits size/density is a crucial issue to enhance the device performance. In this paper, the effects of the nanopits diameter observed at the surface of AlGaN on carrier dynamics are systematically investigated. The variation of nanopits diam-eter is achieved through thermal annealing of a set of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures at different temperatures. The samples are characterized using the scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive x-ray, high-resolution x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence (PL), and time-resolved PL spectroscopies. SEM images have revealed an increase in the nanopits diameter with increasing annealing temperature. In addition, we observed a linear development in the yellow luminescence intensity, accompanied by a deterioration in the PL decay times due to an increase in the density of point-defect complexes that act as nonradiative recombination centers. We also performed temperature-dependent PL measurements to study the impact of the nanopits diameter on electron–phonon scattering processes. Both electron-acoustic- and electron-longitudinal optical phonon interactions enhance with increasing nanopits diameter.
Unprecedented high-temperature operational stability of interfacial silicide-free ultraviolet-A multiple-quantum- disk AlGaN nanowire-based light-emitting diodes on metal is achieved and investigated. Reasonable variations in device operational parameters across a wide range of temperatures demonstrate the high quality of the layer interfaces and efficient carrier injection. We previously presented ultraviolet-A quantum-confined AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN nanowire-based light-emitting diodes and studied their steady-state electro- and photo- luminescent characteristics at room temperature. Herein, we significantly expand the scope of our previous work by investigating the operational stability of the device across a wide range of temperatures (-50-100°C) with conformal parylene-C deposition, forming a nanowire forest as a polymer/nanowire three-dimensional composite material. This work constitutes part of a larger study into the operational stability of ultraviolet light-emitting diode chemical sensors at a wide range of temperatures for operation in harsh environments such as in downhole oil exploration.
Group III-nitride semiconductor materials especially AlGaN are key-emerging candidates for the advancement of ultraviolet (UV) photonic devices. Numerous nanophotonics approaches using nanostructures (e.g., nanowires, nanorods, and quantum dots/disks) and nanofabrication (e.g., substrate patterning, photonic crystals, nanogratings, and surface-plasmons) have been demonstrated to address the material growth challenges and to enhance the device efficiencies of photonic devices operating at UV wavelengths. Here, we review the progress of nanophotonics implementations using nanostructured interfaces and nanofabrication approaches for the group III-nitride semiconductors to realize efficient UV-based photonic devices. The existing challenges of nanophotonics applications are presented. This review aims to provide analysis of state-of-the-art nanophotonic approaches in advancing the UV-photonic devices based on group III-nitride semiconductors.
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