Atoms and molecules that emit light, do not impart the ultimate velocity "c" on the emitted photon wave packets. Their
propensity for perpetually propagating at this highest velocity in every possible direction must be leveraging a sustaining
complex cosmic tension field (C2TF; ether of past centuries), which constitutes the space itself and hence stationary.
Then the null results of Michelson-Morley experiments, positive and the null results of Fresnel-drag experiments and the
positive Bradley telescope aberration should be explained as a drag of the C2TF by the Earth. We support this previously
rejected hypothesis through various self consistent arguments and experiments. We present a null result for longitudinal
Fresnel drag, in contrast to Fizeau's positive result; since we did not introduce any relative velocity between the light
source and the phase-delay introducing material in our interferometer. We also propose that C2TF has a built-in weak
dissipative property towards electromagnetic waves, so its frequency decreases very slowly with the distance of
propagation through the C2TF. This hypothesis would eliminate the need for an expanding universe. We recast Hubble
constant to accommodate the required Doppler shifts. The observable manifest universe consists only of EM waves and
material particles. For C2TF to provide the unifying substrate for a new filed theory, we need to hypothesize that all
stable particles are localized complex 3D non-linear, resonant but harmonic undulations of the C2TF. The non-linear
strengths of the localized resonant undulations also introduces spatially extended but distance dependent distortions
around the site of the resonances. These distortions are effectively different kinds of potential gradients manifest on the
substrate of the C2TF, giving rise to the various forces. We now recognize four of them. The origin of mass is purely the
inertia of movement of these resonances along these different potential gradients they experience. We further assert that
the notion of self-interference, either for EM waves, or for particles, proposed in support of the hypothesis of wave-particle
duality, is logically inconsistent with our currently successful mathematics and hence we should abandon this
unnecessary duality hypothesis within the formalism of current QM.
This paper extends and generalizes the principle of Non-Interference of Light (NIL) to diffracted secondary
wavelets. In a previous series of papers we have demonstrated the NIL principle for well defined superposed
light beams, which experience negligible diffracted spreading within the interferometers being used. NIL is consistent
with quantum physics where emitted photons from material dipoles are considered non-interacting Bosons.
Our NIL principle describes the formation of fringes (energy re-distribution) as patterned energy absorptions
or scattering by "local" material dipoles proportional to the square modulus of the sum of all the superposed
stimulating fields experienced by the dipoles.
All two-beam interferometry eventually reduces to quantitative measurement of the effective fringe visibility (or
degree of coherence) in some form. We present generalized analytical and experimental results of visibility for the cases
of two beam Poynting vectors both collinear (scanning fringe mode) and non-collinear (spatial fringe mode) with
different polarizations and frequencies. This leads to a much broader and deeper understanding of the roles of material
dipoles (beam splitters & detectors; both classical and quantum) in measured coherence effects that are not explicitly
addressed in the traditional coherence theory. Coherence theory should be presented as correlation between sensing
dipole undulations that are simultaneously induced by superposed light beams rather than as correlation between the
optical fields. This generalized understanding of the physical processes behind coherence phenomenon will open up (i)
better understanding of the nature of light and (ii) many more innovative approaches to quantitative interferometry.
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