The paper presents the possibility to obtain comprehensive information on the structure of an optical field, including the field skeleton and the regions of constant phase. High accuracy of reconstruction of the phase map, as well as invariance of the phase distributions following from direct simulation provides a new algorithm for solving the inverse phase problem in optics.
The paper presents principal approaches for diagnosing the structure of forming skeleton of the complex optical field. It is shown that intensity distributions which are smoothing by bicubic spline simulation allow to bring much closer to the solution of the phase problem to determine the localization of speckle-field special points.
The interaction of two mutually orthogonal linearly polarized waves in the incidence plane, where the modulation of
polarization and the modulation of the energy volume density occur simultaneously in the observation plane is
considered. The spatial modulation of polarization in the observation plane forms the spatial modulation of the energy
volume density, which changes the velocity of the particle’s motion according to the coherence characteristics of
superposing fields and the resulting optical force that causes the motion of tested particles of micrometer range size.
Peculiarities of particle’s motion in a spatial periodically modulated polarized field are determined by coherent
properties of interacting optical fields.
The media of layered crystals as a possible element of memory in the storage systems were analyzed,
the manipulation mechanisms of which are carried out with polarization of incident radiation. The
phenomenon of polarization optical bistability in the medium of layered crystals was obtained, in which the
transmission band is managed with only the change of polarization of incident radiation. On the basis of the
mechanism of polarization control of nanoparticles motion in the tasks of polarization diagnostics of optical
fields, the estimation of the coherent features of mutually orthogonal linearly polarized optical fields was
performed that also enables to analyze the terms of storage of information about the structure of an optical
field.
KEYWORDS: Polarization, Modulation, Visibility, Coherence (optics), Statistical analysis, CCD cameras, Biomedical optics, Tissue optics, Near field optics, Near field
The statement is substantiated that the experimental estimation of the degree of correlation of statistical vector optical fields must include not only the measurement of the visibility of the interference pattern, but also the deepness of the polarization modulation (degree of polarization) in the resulting spatial distribution of a field.
The correlation between the topological and the statistical approaches to describe inhomogeneously polarized optical
fields is considered. Two main models describing coordinate distributions of polarization parameters within the topological
approach, viz. the "island" model and the "toy-in-toy" one are experimentally proven. It is shown that the correlation
length of polarization parameters of the field is comparable with the mean distance between points with orthogonal states
of polarization.
The paper presents the studies on correlation structure of biological tissues polarization images. The
technique of polarization measurement of coordinate distribution of degree of mutual polarization has been
proposed. The topological (singular) description of polarization inhomogeneous biological tissue images has been
analyzed. It has been shown that average statistical size of S-contour agrees with half-width of autocorrelation
function of degree of mutual polarization coordinate distribution.
The interconnection between geometry of biotissue structure with their polarization properties has been studied. It has
been shown that for physiologically normal biotissues polarization properties of radiation scattered on architectonic nets
formed by protein fibrils possess the fractal character. Pathological changes of biotissues architectonics are accompanied
with the transformation of self-similar structure of Mueller-matrix images into stochastic and statistic ones.
The correlation structure of 2-D Stokes vector parameters of physiologically normal and pathologicaly changed
biotissues is investigated. The totality of diagnostically urgent interconnections between biotissue physiological state
and statistical moments of 2-D Stokes vector parameters is found.
Specific features of the formation of local and statistical polarization structures of laser radiation scattered in phaseinhomogeneous
layers (PIL) of biological tissue (BT) were studied. The distribution of azimuth and eccentricity of boundary
field polarization was found to correlate with the orientation-phase structure of multifractal PIL. A method of polarization
phase reconstruction of BT architectonics was suggested.
The interconnection between topological and statistic (correlation) approaches in the description of mechanisms of
forming polarization inhomogeneity of the biological object's images have been discovered.
The mechanisms of formation and operation of so-called "interference trap" are presented. The formation of the
interference trap by beams with different curvature, ratio of the intensities and phase difference are shown. The results of
the computer simulation of the Poynting vector behavior in the area of the interference trap are analyzed. The
transformation of angular momentum of vortex beam under interference with smooth ones is shown. Distribution of the
transversal component of the Poynting vector for the interference trap, formed by the vortex with different topological
charge is analyzed.
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