Ms. Allison Holderby Profile

Allison Holderby

at Texas A&M Univ

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Publications (2)

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SPIE Journal Paper | 8 September 2020 Open Access

Aptamer-based surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering assay on a paper fluidic platform for detection of cardiac troponin I

Dandan Tu, Allison Holderby, Gerard Coté

JBO, Vol. 25, Issue 09, 097001, (September 2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JBO.25.9.097001

KEYWORDS: Particles, Silica, Raman scattering, Raman spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Molecules, Absorption, Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Proteins, Nanoparticles

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Significance: Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a primary biomarker for diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). In contrast to central laboratory tests for cTnI, point-of-care (POC) testing has the advantage of providing results when the patient is first encountered, which helps high-risk patients to be treated more rapidly and low-risk patients to be released in a timely fashion. A paper fluidic platform is good for POC testing because the paper is abundant, low cost, and disposable. However, current cTnI assays on paper platforms use antibodies as the recognition element, which has limitations due to the high cost of production and antibody stability issues at the POC. Aim: To develop an aptamer-based assay on a paper strip using surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) for detection of cTnI in the clinically relevant range at the POC. Approach: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were functionalized with a Raman reporter molecule, malachite green isothiocyanate. The functionalized AuNPs were encapsulated in a silica shell and provided a SERRS signal using a handheld Raman system with a 638-nm excitation wavelength. A primary aptamer and a secondary aptamer of cTnI were used in a sandwich assay format to bind the cTnI on a test line of a paper fluidic platform. By measuring the SERRS signal from the test line, the concentration of cTnI was quantitatively determined. Results: The aptamer-based SERRS assay on a paper strip had a detection range of 0.016 to 0.1 ng / ml for cTnI, had good selectivity for cTnI compared to three other markers, had good stability over 10 days, and had good performance in the more complex serum sample matrix. Conclusions: The aptamer-based SERRS assay on a paper strip has the potential to provide a sensitive, selective, stable, repeatable, and cost-effective platform for the detection of cTnI toward eventual use in diagnosis of MI at the POC.

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Proceedings Article | 14 February 2020 Paper

Development of a paper microfluidic surface enhanced Raman scattering assay for cardiac troponin I

Dandan Tu, John Dean, Allison Holderby, Monika Schechinger, Gerard Coté

Proceedings Volume 11247, 1124706 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2544558

KEYWORDS: Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Particles, Silica, Nanoparticles, Raman spectroscopy, Gold, Sensing systems, Transmission electron microscopy

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The accurate and rapid diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) is essential to implement timely and definitive treatment to the patient. Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) has been widely used as a biomarker for early diagnosis of MI. Point-of-care (POC) testing is favored because it can provide timely results when the patient is first encountered (e.g. ambulance, clinic, or emergency department). However, the clinical cut-off of cTnI for diagnosis of MI is in the pico- to femtomolar range (i.e. 0.01-0.1 ng/ml). Thus, a sensitive sensing system is needed to quantitively measure cTnI at the POC. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive optical technique that can be used to measure trace analytes in a sample. Moreover, paper-based sensing systems have demonstrated potential as a platform to implement assays, especially at the POC. This research describes the development of a paper-based SERS assay for detection of cTnI in the physiological relevant range. Aptamer is used in the assay for recognizing the cTnI in a sample. SERS is used to sensitively transduce the sensing signal from the assay. A handheld Raman spectrometer is used to measure the SERS signal. By measuring the change in the SERS signal, the concentration of target molecule is quantitatively determined. Moreover, spectral processing techniques are used to evaluate their effect on signal-to-noise ratio as well as sensitivity of the assay. Results showed the designed sensing system can be used to measure cTnI (0-0.5 ng/mL) in standard buffer solutions.

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