Geometry, associated with three dimensions: width, length and height, is an important concept for electromagnetic and optical engineers. We have been successful to manipulate the light and the electromagnetic radiation by changing the geometry of for example antennas, scatterers, and etc. However, time is the fourth dimension which must be also employed in electromagnetic and optical engineering to control over radiation and realize novel devices.
In this talk, we will present the recent results in our group on this research area. First, we will show that nonreciprocal metasurfaces can be engineered as tunable and multifunctional devices. Our idea is to exert nonharmonic spatiotemporal modulation functions on the meta-atoms. Non-harmonic modulation provides additional freedoms for the control of nonreciprocity in metasurfaces. It is demonstrated that a variety of nonreciprocal devices like isolators, gyrators and circulators could be incorporated into a uniform hardware platform by changing only the modulation functions. Then, we will show that spatial modulation is not an essential requirement for achieving nonreciprocity in time-modulated metasurfaces. If the metasurfaces are bianisotropic, modulating such structures only in time can also induce strong nonreciprocity.
Recently introduced generalized Snell’s law provides wide possibilities for wavefront manipulations using metasurfaces. In contrast to conventional blazed gratings, their metasurface-based counterparts are planar (no grooves) and do not require complicated fabrication techniques. However, all previously demonstrated metasurfaces for anomalous reflection have revealed their deficiency due to parasitic energy coupling into non-desired diffraction modes. This negative effect becomes especially pronounced for metasurfaces designed to have a large separation angle between the incident and reflected beams. The reason is the used inaccurate approach for metasurface synthesis. It approximates that the surface is uniform on the sub-wavelength scale and the phase of the local reflection coefficient follows the linear profile dictated by the generalized reflection law. While the former assumption could be made, the latter one, as we show in the presentation, is incorrect. Moreover, the conventional synthesis approach does not take into account requirements on the amplitude of the local reflection coefficient. In the presentation, we will demonstrate an original alternative design scheme for metasurface gratings based on the generalized surface impedance model. It appears that perfect coupling of an incident plane wave into a single reflected plane wave requires energy channeling along the metasurface plane. To verify our design approach, we fabricate and measure an optical metasurface that reflects a normally incident beam at a very steep angle of 80 deg. The comparison of the two approaches shows that our new scheme provides double increase in the efficiency and complete absence of parasitic reflections.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.