We present a binocular tracking scanning laser ophthalmoscope (BTSLO), based on a line scanning ophthalmoscope configuration. BTSLO produces images of the retina of both eyes simultaneously at a framerate of up to 200 fps. These images have fields of view from 1.5º to 3º. We successfully used the system to track fixational eye movements in healthy human subjects with a sampling rate of up to 6.4kHz, and we report tracking motion of the retina at 2kHz. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first retinal tracking system that reports these features.
We propose a lens design ray tracing engine that is derivative-aware, using automatic differentiation. This derivative-aware property enables the engine to infer gradients of current design parameters, i.e., how design parameters affect a given error metric (e.g., spot RMS or irradiance values), by back-propagating the derivatives through a computational graph via differentiable ray tracing. Our engine not only enables designers to employ gradient descent and variants for design optimization, but also provides a numerically compatible way to perform back-propagation on both the optical design and the post-processing algorithm (e.g., a neural network), making hardware-software end-to-end designs possible. Examples are demonstrated by freeform designs and joint optics-network optimization for extended-depth-of-field applications.
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