We have devised a full-resolution stereoscopic television system incorporating both a patterned retarder and active glasses. Selective vision of the left image by the left eye and the right image by the right eye is achieved by a conventional combination of a patterned retarder and left and right polarized filters. Full resolution is provided by the active components of the glasses acting as a switchable refractive-type beam displacer. Pairs of line-interleaved images are displayed on an LCD screen sequentially at a frame rate of 120 Hz. With the help of active refraction glasses, the viewer can see full-resolution stereoscopic images as if they are displayed in an interlaced manner. Active glasses are flicker-free. Measured stereoscopic crosstalk is 0.6%, which is defined only by the performance of the patterned retarder.
We devised dual side transparent 3D display using transparent OLED panel and two lenticular arrays. The OLED panel is sandwiched between two parallel confocal lenticular arrays, forming Gabor super-lens. The display provides dual side stereoscopic 3D imaging and floating image of the object, placed behind it. The floating image can be superimposed with the displayed 3D image. The displayed autostereoscopic 3D images are composed of 4 views, each with resolution 64x90 pix.
We have devised full resolution stereoscopic television system incorporating both patterned retarder and active glasses. Selective vision of the left image by the left eye and the right image by the right eye is achieved by conventional combination of patterned retarder and left and right polarized filters. Full resolution is provided by active components of glasses acting as a switchable beam displacer. Pairs of line-interleaved images are displayed on LCD screen sequentially at a frame-rate 120 Hz. Viewer can see full resolution stereoscopic images as if they are displayed in interlaced manner by active glasses. Active glasses are flicker free. Patterned retarder defines crosstalk level in a range below 1%.
On field sequential color (FSC) displays, a frame of an image is represented by sequentially displaying multiple fields. In the case of FSC LCD displays, color image is displayed by sequential control of backlights and modulation of light transmissions. Sequential displaying of multiple fields results in undesirable color artifacts near boundaries of moving objects. They are often called as color breakup (CBU). This paper presents a new method to measure perceived static CBU on natural color images. The proposed method can be utilized for performance evaluation or algorithm development for static CBU reduction.
Ambient light inside viewing field of shutter-glasses 3DTV system
can cause perceivable flicker due to high brightness of the light
source. Omitting front polarizer of shutter glasses can be a
solution for improving ambient light flicker, but it makes
noticeable ghosting whenever 3D viewers tilt their heads. In this
paper, we propose the new flicker-free shutter glasses
compensated for viewers head tilt using tilt sensor. The crosstalk
level, inserted by the shutter is below 1.6% within the tilt angle
range from 0 to ±50°.
KEYWORDS: LCDs, Eye, Visual process modeling, Glasses, Eye models, Tolerancing, Mathematical modeling, Human vision and color perception, Polarization, Visualization
We have calculated a perceptual threshold of stereoscopic crosstalk on the basis of mathematical model of human vision
sensitivity. Instead of linear model of just noticeable difference (JND) known as Weber's law we applied nonlinear
Barten's model. The predicted crosstalk threshold varies with the background luminance. The calculated values of
threshold are in a reasonable agreement with known experimental data. We calculated perceptual threshold of crosstalk
for various combinations of the applied grey level. This result can be applied for the assessment of grey-to-grey crosstalk
compensation. Further computational analysis of the applied model predicts the increase of the displayable image
contrast with reduction of the maximum displayable luminance.
Stereoscopic crosstalk can be expressed in terms of gamma characteristics. In presence of crosstalk the background
regions of the displayed image and the disparity regions are perceived as if they are displayed with different gamma
characteristics. To equalize the characteristics means to compensate the crosstalk. In this paper we show that the
reference gamma characteristic can be modified to improve crosstalk compensation. The method can be recommended
for reduction of dark ghosting in stereoscopic systems.
KEYWORDS: LCDs, 3D displays, Glasses, Camera shutters, 3D image processing, Stereoscopic displays, LED backlight, Light emitting diodes, Switching, LED displays
Stereoscopic display technologies have been developed as one of advanced displays, and many TV industrials have
been trying commercialization of 3D TV. We have been developing 3D TV based on LCD with LED BLU (backlight
unit) since Samsung launched the world's first 3D TV based on PDP. However, the data scanning of panel and LC's
response characteristics of LCD TV cause interference among frames (that is crosstalk), and this makes 3D video quality
worse. We propose the method to reduce crosstalk by LCD driving and backlight control of FHD 3D LCD TV.
We have developed and prototyped 14" WXGA full resolution 2D-3D autostereoscopic OLED display with fast
switching parallax barrier, capable of scanning in quasi-synchronism with line-by-line image update. The parallax barrier
is formed by fast directly driven TN liquid crystal panel, placed between crossed polarizers. Scanning capability has
been added to LCD based parallax barrier in order to reduce crosstalk that appears because of scan and hold operation of
OLED display. The crosstalk level in "sweet points" of the viewing zone is measured below 5%. Image brightness in 3D
mode comprises 45% of the brightness in 2D mode. To reduce image flicker in 3D mode OLED panel is driven at a
frame frequency 120 Hz.
A two dimensional quality function which counts both the number of mixed view images and disparity between images
is derived based on the one dimension quality function which counts the number of mixed view images in multiview 3
dimensional imaging systems. This function predicts the quality of images with reasonable accuracy. This is proved
experimentally.
A two-dimensional light-emitting diode array is used to replace the viewing-zone-forming optics in-multiview full-parallax three-dimensional image display systems. Since the array is not working merely as the viewing-zone-forming optics but also as the backlight panel for the liquid-crystal display (LCD) panel, it allows constructing three-dimensional imaging systems having the same structure as the current LCD display. The designed system displays images with good depth sense.
We have built a 17" 2D-3D time sequential LCD autostereoscopic display with SXGA resolution, which does not have any special means for 2D-3D switching. The display is capable of simultaneous displaying 2D and 3D graphics without deterioration of visual performance of 2D images at a frame rate up to 120 Hz. Left and right sets of viewing zones are formed by a combination of a patterned retarder and a lenticular lens array placed behind the LCD panel. Right and left sets of viewing zones are switchable by polarization switch in synchronism with displaying left and right images. Application of patterned retarder provides smooth light distribution without dark regions between left and right viewing zones. To reduce dynamic crosstalk caused by slow switching of LCD cells a combination of Rresponse Time Acceleration (RTA) and scanning backlight have been applied
We investigated Pi-cell based polarization switches regarding their applications in both glass type and autostereoscopic
3D displays, which employ LCD as an image panel. It is found that Pi-cell should be divided into the number of
individually addressable segments to be capable of switching in synchronism with line-by-line image update in order to
reduce time-mismatch crosstalk. We estimated the number of segments, sufficient to reduce local and average crosstalk
to acceptable level. It is found experimentally that the displayed stereoscopic image has unequal brightness and crosstalk
in the right and left channels. The asymmetry of stereoscopic image parameters is probably caused by the asymmetry of
rise/fall time, inherent in Pi-cells. The improved driving method capable of symmetrizing the crosstalk and brightness is
proposed. It is also shown that the response time acceleration technique (RTA), developed for the reduction of motion
blur, is capable of canceling the dynamic crosstalk caused by slow response of LCD pixels.
The methods of presenting multiview images, such as IP, the Multiview, Multiple Imaging and Focused light array are reviewed and their image forming principles were compared. These methods have their own ways of presenting multiview images but the images projected to viewer's eyes are mostly synthesized by the small part of each view image in the different view images presented to the viewers. This is a common property for all those methods.
Moire patterns originated from overlapping display panel with the viewing zone forming optics are one of major factors of deteriorating the visual image quality of contact-type 3 dimensional imaging systems. An analysis showed that the visual effects of the patterns can be minimized at a specific overlapping angle between the panel and the plate. This angle is implemented by approximating each side of a pixel cell as a discrete line which is drawn along the boundaries of each pixel which lies along the side of the cell. The slope of the line is presented by as the ratio of pixel numbers in vertical and horizontal directions and equals to the tangential value of 1/2 of the angle. This method allows creating pixel cells with shapes of parallelograms and rhombs with a desired vertex angle for minimizing the moire pattern, especially in full-parallax imaging systems. The image generated reveals almost invisible moire pattern at the predefined viewing distance range.
In this paper the etendue efficient illuminator having retro-reflecting aperture with a slit is proposed. Such an illuminator allows to increase light efficiency of the projection system which has an etendue much smaller than the arc lamp used typically as the light source. In modeling and analysis results, it is evaluated that retro-reflecting aperture with a slit make it possible to increase light efficiency of single panel color scrolling projection system by about 15%.
We propose and demonstrate a single DLP projection system with high illumination efficiency by the moving color stripe method. White light from the lamp is split and focused as color images by the color filter and lens cells of spiral lens wheel (SLW). Fly eye lens and relay lens superpose color bars on the light valve, and then 3 color strips are scrolled linearly by rotating SLW. As a result, the system output is evaluated as 1.7 times compared to a typical single panel DLP system.
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