Modelling of load effect on macro-bend losses for a singlemode-multimode-singlemode (SMS) fiber structure with small bend radius is presented. Load effect on macro-bend losses for the SMS fiber structure placed between two high-density polyethylene (HDPE) boards are investigated theoretically and experimentally. A model on macro-bend losses for SMS fiber structure is constructed by using the light transmission formula in a straight SMS fiber structure and taking into account the effective number of guided modes due to the macrobending. In the experimental, a mandrel with a diameter of 0.8 mm is used to induce the bend. When the loads are applied on the system, the mandrel will affect the bend losses for the SMS fiber structure. It is shown numerically and experimentally that the bend-loss of SMS fiber structure strongly depends on the applied loads and the multimode fiber (MMF) lengths.
An image of the object can be distorted due to a defect in a mirror. A rear-view mirror is an important component for the
vehicle safety. One of standard parameters of the rear-view mirror is a distortion factor. This paper presents a radial line
method for distortion detection of the rear-view mirror. The rear-view mirror was tested for the distortion detection by
using a system consisting of a webcam sensor and an image-processing unit. In the image-processing unit, the captured
image from the webcam were pre-processed by using smoothing and sharpening techniques and then a radial line method
was used to define the distortion factor. It was demonstrated successfully that the radial line method could be used to
define the distortion factor. This detection system is useful to be implemented such as in Indonesian’s automotive
component industry while the manual inspection still be used.
In this paper, a load effect on a singlemode-multimode-singlemode (SMS) fiber structure embedded in a high-density
polyethylene (HDPE) was investigated numerically and experimentally. It was modelled that the applied load induces a
longitudinal strain on the HDPE and accordingly affects the SMS fiber structure’s parameters. It was calculated the
output power of the SMS fiber structure using a graded index multimode fiber (MMF) due to the applied strain from 0 to
4000 N. The experimental result shows that for the MMF length of 105 mm, the output power has monotonically
increasing for an applied load range from 1700 to 4000 N with a sensitivity of 1.18 x 10-3 dBm/N. This configuration of
SMS fiber structure embedded in the HDPE is potential for a load sensor.
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