TiO2 nanoparticle-loaded epoxy for light-emitting diode (LED) encapsulation is demonstrated to have a refractive index
of n = 1.68, higher than that of pure epoxy (n = 1.53). The dispersion of surfactant-coated TiO2 nanoparticles into epoxy
is shown to reduce the number and size of TiO2 agglomerates compared to uncoated TiO2 nanoparticle-loaded epoxy.
The scattering of nanoparticle-loaded media is highly dependent on nanoparticle size and loading factor. A multilayer
graded refractive index structure for LED encapsulants with layer thicknesses less than the calculated mean optical
scattering length is therefore proposed. The graded-index structure shows increasing optical transmittance as the number
of layers increases.
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