Position localization has drawn great attention due to its wide applications in radars, sonars, electronic warfare, wireless
communications and so on. Photonic approaches to realize position localization can achieve high-resolution, which also
provides the possibility to move the signal processing from each sensor node to the central station, thanks to the low loss,
immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and broad bandwidth brought by the photonic technologies. In this
paper, we present a review on the recent works of position localization based on photonic technologies. A fiber-connected
ultra-wideband (UWB) sensor network using optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM) is proposed to
realize high-resolution localization and moving the signal processing to the central station. A 3.9-cm high spatial
resolution is achieved. A wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) fiber-connected sensor network is also demonstrated
to realize location which is independent of the received signal format.
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