Dr. Jianping Mao Profile

Dr. Jianping Mao

at NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (12)

Proceedings Article | 12 July 2019 Open Access

The challenges of measuring methane from space with a lidar

H. Riris, K. Numata, S. Wu, M. Fahey, B. Gonzalez, X. Sun, J. Mao, M. Rodriguez

Proceedings Volume 11180, 1118027 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2535998

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Optical parametric oscillators, Absorption, Methane, Transmitters, Sensors, Er:YAG lasers, Fiber lasers, Laser applications, Aerospace engineering

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Proceedings Article | 24 October 2018 Paper

Lidar measurements of CO2 column concentrations in the Arctic region of North America from the ASCENDS 2017 airborne campaign

Graham Allan, James Abshire, Haris Riris, Jianping Mao, William Hasselbrack, Kenji Numata, Jeffrey Chen, Randy Kawa, Michael Rodriguez, Mark Stephen

Proceedings Volume 10779, 1077906 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2325908

KEYWORDS: Carbon dioxide, LIDAR, Clouds, Aerosols, Absorption, Atmospheric particles, Atmospheric modeling, Backscatter

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Proceedings Article | 20 November 2017 Open Access

LIDAR technology for measuring trace gases on Mars and Earth

H. Riris, J. Abshire, Allan Graham, William Hasselbrack, Mike Rodriguez, Xiaoli Sun, Clark Weaver, Jianping Mao, Randy Kawa, Steve Li, Kenji Numata, Stewart Wu

Proceedings Volume 10565, 105650G (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309207

KEYWORDS: Methane, Carbon dioxide, Absorption, Mars, Carbon dioxide lasers, Oxygen, Gases, LIDAR, Clouds, Sensors

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Trace gases and their isotopic ratios in planetary atmospheres offer important but subtle clues as to the origins of a planet's atmosphere, hydrology, geology, and potential for biology. An orbiting laser remote sensing instrument is capable of measuring trace gases on a global scale with unprecedented accuracy, and higher spatial resolution that can be obtained by passive instruments.

For Earth we have developed laser technique for the remote measurement of the tropospheric CO2, O2, and CH4 concentrations from space. Our goal is to develop a space instrument and mission approach for active CO2 measurements. Our technique uses several on and off-line wavelengths tuned to the CO2 and O2 absorption lines. This exploits the atmospheric pressure broadening of the gas lines to weigh the measurement sensitivity to the atmospheric column below 5 km and maximizes sensitivity to CO2 changes in the boundary layer where variations caused by surface sources and sinks are largest. Simultaneous measurements of O2 column use a selected region in the Oxygen A-band. Laser altimetry and atmospheric backscatter can also be measured simultaneously, which permits determining the surface height and measurements made to thick cloud tops and through aerosol layers.

We use the same technique but with a different transmitter at 1.65 um to measure methane concentrations. Methane is also a very important trace gas on earth, and a stronger greenhouse gas than CO2 on a per molecule basis. Accurate, global observations are needed in order to better understand climate change and reduce the uncertainty in the carbon budget. Although carbon dioxide is currently the primary greenhouse gas of interest, methane can have a much larger impact on climate change. Methane levels have remained relatively constant over the last decade but recent observations in the Arctic have indicated that levels may be on the rise due to permafrost thawing. NASA’s Decadal Survey underscored the importance of Methane as a greenhouse gas and called for a mission to measure CO2, CO and CH4. Methane has absorptions in the mid-infrared (3.3 um) and the near infrared (1.65 um). The 3.3 um spectral region is ideal for planetary (Mars) Methane monitoring, but unfortunately is not suitable for earth monitoring since the Methane absorption lines are severely interfered with by water. The near infra-red overtones of Methane at 1.65 um are relatively free of interference from other atmospheric species and are suitable for Earth observations. The methane instrument uses Optical Parametric Generation (OPG) along with sensitive detectors to achieve the necessary sensitivity. Our instrument generates and detects tunable laser signals in the 3.3 or 1.65 um spectral regions with different detectors in order to measure methane on Earth or Mars. For Mars, the main interest in methane is its importance as a biogenic marker.

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 September 2017 Open Access

Methane optical density measurements with an integrated path differential absorption lidar from an airborne platform

Haris Riris, Kenji Numata, Stewart Wu, Brayler Gonzalez, Michael Rodriguez, Stan Scott, Stephan Kawa, Jianping Mao

JARS, Vol. 11, Issue 03, 034001, (September 2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JRS.11.034001

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Optical parametric oscillators, Absorption, Transmitters, Methane, Sensors, Absorbance, Optical testing, Clouds, Receivers

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Proceedings Article | 5 May 2017 Presentation + Paper

Methane measurements from space: technical challenges and solutions

Haris Riris, Kenji Numata, Stewart Wu, Brayler Gonzalez, Michael Rodriguez, Stephan Kawa, Jianping Mao

Proceedings Volume 10191, 1019104 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2262516

KEYWORDS: Methane, Absorption, LIDAR, Carbon, Climate change, Laser applications, Spectroscopy, Optical parametric oscillators, Transmitters, Receivers, Sensors, Fiber lasers, Beam splitters, Airborne laser technology

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Proceedings Article | 24 October 2012 Paper

Airborne measurement of atmospheric methane concentration using pulsed lidar

Anand Ramanathan, Kenji Numata, Stewart Wu, Steven Li, Martha Dawsey, Jianping Mao, Stephan Kawa, Haris Riris

Proceedings Volume 8511, 85110E (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929990

KEYWORDS: Methane, LIDAR, Absorption, Carbon dioxide, Earth's atmosphere, Electronic support measures, Infrared radiation, Atmospheric optics, Climate change, Carbon

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2012 Paper

Ground and airborne methane measurements with an optical parametric amplifier

Kenji Numata, Haris Riris, Steve Li, Stewart Wu, Stephan Kawa, Martha Dawsey, Anand Ramanathan, Jianping Mao, Michael Krainak, James Abshire

Proceedings Volume 8379, 83790H (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.918100

KEYWORDS: Methane, LIDAR, Optical amplifiers, Nonlinear crystals, Signal detection, Earth's atmosphere, Sensors, Optical testing, Atmospheric optics, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2011 Paper

Lidar technology for measuring trace gases on Mars and Earth

Haris Riris, Kenji Numata, Steve Li, Stewart Wu, James Abshire, Graham Allan, William Hasselbrack, Mike Rodriguez, Jeffrey Chen, Stephen Kawa, Jianping Mao, Clark Weaver, Anthony Yu, Xiaoli Sun

Proceedings Volume 8192, 819203 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.900870

KEYWORDS: Methane, Gases, Mars, LIDAR, Absorption, Carbon dioxide, Earth's atmosphere, Spectrometers, Climate change, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 2 November 2010 Paper

A lidar approach to measure CO2 concentrations from space for the ASCENDS Mission

James Abshire, Haris Riris, Graham Allan, Clark Weaver, Jianping Mao, Xiaoli Sun, William Hasselbrack, Anthony Yu, Axel Amediek, Yonghoon Choi, Edward Browell

Proceedings Volume 7832, 78320D (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.868567

KEYWORDS: Carbon dioxide, LIDAR, Absorption, Carbon dioxide lasers, Pulsed laser operation, Receivers, Semiconductor lasers, Sensors, Oxygen, Clouds

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Proceedings Article | 17 October 2007 Paper

A laser sounder for measuring atmospheric trace gases from space

Haris Riris, James Abshire, Graham Allan, John Burris, Jeffrey Chen, Stephen Kawa, Jian-Ping Mao, Michael Krainak, Mark Stephen, Xiaoli Sun, Emily Wilson

Proceedings Volume 6750, 67500U (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.737607

KEYWORDS: Carbon monoxide, Absorption, Signal to noise ratio, Gas lasers, Sensors, Spectroscopy, Fabry–Perot interferometers, Gases, Climate change, Atmospheric modeling

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Proceedings Article | 16 February 2004 Paper

Measurement of atmospheric carbon dioxide column from space using reflected sunlight

Jianping Mao, Stephan Kawa

Proceedings Volume 5235, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.511323

KEYWORDS: Aerosols, Scattering, Absorption, Clouds, Atmospheric modeling, Atmospheric particles, Atmospheric sensing, Sensors, Spectral resolution, Carbon monoxide

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Proceedings Article | 10 August 1994 Paper

Electrodynamics of oxide superconductors

Steven Anlage, Michael Pambianchi, Alp Findikoglu, Chris Doughty, Dong Wu, Jian Mao, S.-N. Mao, Xiaoxing Xi, T. Venkatesan, J. Peng, Richard Greene

Proceedings Volume 2158, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.182685

KEYWORDS: Superconductors, Crystals, Thin films, Microwave radiation, Magnetism, Electrodynamics, Resistance, Oxides, Superconductivity, Temperature metrology

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Showing 5 of 12 publications

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