We investigate the synthesis of two-dimensional surface plasmon vortex power flows by a plasmonic vortex lens excited
by oblique incident beams. It is shown that the plasmonic vortex lens can generate the off-centered vortex flows, the
centers of which are determined by the incidence angle of the excitation beam. The theoretical analysis of the
relationship between the off-center shift and the incidence angle is described. Furthermore it is shown that the
illumination of two unparallel coherent incidence beams produces dual-vortex flows by the coherent superposition.
The local excitation of the surface plasmon vortex and hot spot via the plasmonic vortex lens is both theoretically studied
and experimentally demonstrated. The phase delay of the excited surface plasmon is caused by the three parameters,
which are the geometrical topological charge of the plasmonic vortex lens, the polarization state of the incident beam,
and the angular momentum state of the incident beam. These parameters eventually decide the total topological charge of
the surface plasmon vortex generated at the center of the plasmonic lens structure. From these results, we finally provide
the simple relation between these parameters and the state of the surface plasmon vortex generated by plasmonic lens.ïýïý
Metamaterials can be classified into doubly negative materials and singly negative media according to their number of
negative constituent parameters. Contrary to the doubly negative media in which light can propagate just like in
dielectric layers, incident light to the singly negative materials cannot transmit through them. This opaque property,
however, can be overcome by using the interfaces between different kinds of singly negative media, i.e., permittivity-negative
and permeability-negative ones. In this paper, we investigate what kinds of surface-guiding modes such
interfaces can support and see what their unique features are.
The surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have been researched intensively, the very low coupling efficiency of the SPPs
brings about difficulty in practical experiment. We proposed a unidirectional coupler for the SPPs using total external
reflection. If the high-index dielectric is located on the left side of the slit, the SPPs toward the left side cannot propagate
due to the cut-off property, and they should be totally reflected. By properly designing the structure parameter for
constructive interference between the reflected Spp mode and the right-ward propagating SPP mode can happen,
resulting in enhancement of the coupling efficiency of the SPPs.
We present a variable-focusing surface plasmon dielectric lens using the air-gap modulation. Based on the modal
analysis of the planar slab waveguide consisting of the dielectric slab over the metal substrate, we examine the
transmission characteristics of the single air-metal surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode through the planar slab
waveguide. Our simulation results reveal that the 2π modulation of the phase of the transmitted SPP mode can be
realized. By using the lens with parabolic shape, the SPP mode converges and focuses to one point. It is shown that the
dynamic modulation of the air-gap width gives rise to the dynamic change in the focal length.
The phase-shifting errors mainly result from the imprecise movement of phase-shifter and the vibration of system. These
geometric errors are classified into the positional inaccuracy and tilting of optics. And they can be represented as the
longitudinal and transversal displacements of interferograms on the hologram plane. In this paper, we propose adaptive
phase-shifting digital holography compensating these two displacements and this proposed method is based on genetic
algorithm for finding optimized variables corresponding to real system. By computer simulations, the deteriorations in
reconstruction image are modeled and the chromosomes are constituted. We find the fittest solution compensating the
longitudinal and transversal displacements experimentally and present the reconstruction images by encoding the
resultant holograms on a spatial light modulator.
We derive mathematical criteria for a pair of guided modes which have the same parity, mutually parallel wave vectors
along the guiding direction of the waveguide, but opposite directions of optical power flow in a negative-index slab
waveguide using a graphical method. It is also proven that the so-called light trap mode corresponds to the degenerate
mode of this pair. We also propose a waveguide structure in which guided light waves can be trapped via tunneling
through thin metamaterial clad layers. This trap is temporary since the trapped light tunnels out completely after a short time.
We develop a numerical modeling of the multi-channel waveguide-based surface plasmon resonance sensor based on the
rigorous coupled-wave analysis. The cascaded structure which consists of elementary surface plasmon resonance sensors
with different resonance wavelengths can be used for simultaneous sensing of change in surrounding dielectric constants.
The method to anticipate the center wavelength of resonance is adressed and its physical underlying principle is
discussed with respect to the mode distribution and phase matching condition. A few simulations are provided for
validating our model and analysis.
KEYWORDS: Image segmentation, Cameras, Motion estimation, Image processing, Data acquisition, Image processing algorithms and systems, Video, Detection and tracking algorithms, 3D displays, 3D image processing
We present an algorithm for stereoscopic conversion of two-dimensional movie encoded in MPEG-2. The stereoscopic
algorithm consists of segmentation process and depth determination process. In the segmentation process, we segment
the image based on the dc information and the motion vector information encoded by MPEG-2. After the segmentation,
depth of each segment is determined by examining the motion vector and the overlapped region of the segment.
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