We advocate for the development of a ground-based network of robotic instruments provisionally called ngGONG to maintain critical observing capabilities for synoptic research in solar physics and for the operational space weather forecast. ngGONG will consist of 6 geographically-distributed stations, with longitudes and weather patterns selected to provide nearly continuous observations of the Sun. ngGONG instruments will include: spectropolarimeters for precise measurements of vector magnetic fields at multiple heights in the solar atmosphere; an instrument for line-of-sight Doppler velocity measurements required for studies of the solar interior and farside; rapid narrow-band images; sun-as-a-star instruments; and tunable Hα imager and limited coronagraph capabilities to monitor the violent ejecta of magnetized plasma from the Sun’s atmosphere and determine coronal magnetic topologies and plasma properties. We will discuss the requirements for such an observing system, and present its conceptual design.
The Simplest Magnetograph is a novel alternative to the standard filter-based magnetograph for solar observations. The instrument exploits an asymmetry in Stokes profiles, which results in a broadband net polarization. The latter enables measurements of magnetic fields without resolving individual spectral lines. The instrument is designed to take broadband measurements of solar polarization. The chosen spectral band covers several photospheric lines with significant Land´e g-factors. While the method can be used to measure a full vector magnetic field, in our initial application we concentrated on measurements of the longitudinal magnetic field. We discuss the feasibility, design, lab testing and validation, and solar observation measurements.
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