In this paper, we studied the properties of two-photon quantum states of light that emerge due to spontaneous parametric downconversion in a nonlinear waveguide with periodically poles structure. The spectral and entangled properties have been studied mainly for photon pairs whose spectra is located in the near-infrared range. We found that it is possible to select the geometric parameters of the structure of a lithium niobate nanowaveguide in such a way that the two-photon quantum state in the near-IR range will have a spectrum width of about 180THz.
An actual task of quantum communications over long distances is the creation of a bright source of photon pairs operating at standard wavelengths of fiber optic communication lines. In this work, we experimentally investigated the spectral and correlation characteristics of photon pairs generated on the phenomenon of spontaneous four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear photonic-crystal fiber with a wavelength of one of the photons near 1.5 μm. The demonstrated source can be used as an efficient single photon generator at a telecommunications wavelength with prediction and tuning over a wide spectral range.
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