A low-computational intensive laser control approach is proposed for implementing an embedded control system, using pattern recognition by relevant principal component analysis for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy applications. The laser energy is directly related to the resulting spectral pattern and is determined by iterations in the feature space. Results show that single shot iterations until optimum energy can be significantly reduced by pattern recognition. A performance benchmark with minerals, alloys and pellets from material collected from a drill demonstrated an average of 50% improvement, significantly reducing sample deterioration and improving measurement safety.
A high-resolution advanced laser induced breakdown spectroscopy prototype was used to quantify lithium (Li) in lithiniferous rocks. Samples were collected from Barroso's mine (Portugal), claimed as Western Europe’s largest spodumene Li discovery. 51 samples from a reverse circulation drill were collected, one for each meter interval, dried, milled, pressed into pellets and further analyzed by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Quantification was attempted using either linear models based on the intensity of selected Li spectral lines or advanced chemometrics methods. The latter was very successful, with correlation coefficients of 0.97 against certified laboratory results.
A new type of polymer and silica connection is proposed. A tapered SMF-28 silica optical fiber tip is fabricated using a CO2 laser by focusing and stretching the fiber. The tapered silica tip is inserted in one of the holes of a microstructured polymer optical fiber using a 3D alignment system. Using a supercontinuum source, the spectrum is observed after one and after two connections. The polymer fiber is characterized in curvature while using the previous connection.
The possibility of using polymer fiber as a refractive index sensor is presented. The sensor is based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer formed at the tip of the polymer fiber. The interference is granted due to reflections between a fiber Bragg grating and the fiber end-face. The sensor was characterized to refractive index changes at constant temperature using a fast Fourier transform analysis of the interference signal. A sensitivity of −1.94 RIU-1 was achieved with a resolution of 1 × 10-3 RIU and a cross sensitivity to temperature of 1 × 10-4 RIU/°C.
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