Prof. Reinhard Carius Profile

Prof. Reinhard Carius

at Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (20)

Proceedings Article | 26 April 2016 Paper

Paper

High-resolution photocurrent mapping of thin-film solar cells using scanning near-field optical microscopy

Z. Cao, S. Lehnen, R. Carius, K. Bittkau

Proceedings Volume 9890, 98900J (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2227761

KEYWORDS: Near field scanning optical microscopy, Near field optics, Solar cells, Thin film solar cells, Optical microscopy, Near field scanning optical microscopy, Optical microscopy, Crystals, Light wave propagation, Silicon, Near field, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 21 June 2015 Paper

Paper

Simulation of light in-coupling through an aperture probe to investigate light propagation in a thin layer for opto-electronic application

Markus Ermes, Stephan Lehnen, Zhao Cao, Karsten Bittkau, Reinhard Carius

Proceedings Volume 9526, 95260W (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2184581

KEYWORDS: Absorption, Near field scanning optical microscopy, Scattering, Optoelectronics, Organic light emitting diodes, Light scattering, Light, OLED lighting, Spatial resolution, Geometrical optics

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SPIE Journal Paper | 20 November 2014

On the geometry of plasmonic reflection grating back contacts for light trapping in prototype amorphous silicon thin-film solar cells

Michael Smeets, Vladimir Smirnov, Matthias Meier, Karsten Bittkau, Reinhard Carius, Uwe Rau, Ulrich W. Paetzold

JPE, Vol. 5, Issue 01, 057004, (November 2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JPE.5.057004

KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Thin film solar cells, Nanostructures, Silver, Prototyping, External quantum efficiency, Plasmonics, Amorphous silicon, Diffraction, Atomic force microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 15 May 2014 Paper

Paper

Optimizing the geometry of plasmonic reflection grating back contacts for improved light trapping in prototype amorphous silicon thin-film solar cells

Michael Smeets, Vladimir Smirnov, Matthias Meier, Karsten Bittkau, Reinhard Carius, Uwe Rau, Ulrich Paetzold

Proceedings Volume 9140, 91400D (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2052330

KEYWORDS: Thin film solar cells, Solar cells, Nanostructures, Plasmonics, Silver, Prototyping, External quantum efficiency, Amorphous silicon, Atomic force microscopy, Diffraction

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 2014 Paper

Paper

Investigation of the influence of the scanning probe on SNOM near-field images using rigorous simulations including the probe

Markus Ermes, Stephan Lehnen, Karsten Bittkau, Reinhard Carius

Proceedings Volume 9132, 91320G (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2052300

KEYWORDS: Near field scanning optical microscopy, Zinc oxide, Light scattering, Laser induced damage, Low pressure chemical vapor deposition, Interfaces, Optical microscopy, Finite-difference time-domain method, Coating, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2013 Paper

Paper

Reconstruction of SNOM near-field images from rigorous optical simulations by including topography artifacts

M. Ermes, S. Lehnen, K. Bittkau, R. Carius

Proceedings Volume 8789, 87890I (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2020276

KEYWORDS: Near field scanning optical microscopy, Computer simulations, Finite-difference time-domain method, Zinc oxide, Near field, Atomic force microscopy, Thin film solar cells, Thin film devices, Coating, Light scattering

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Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) is a powerful tool providing measurement of the near-field intensity of nano-structured surface layers. These measurements can be combined with rigorous solving of Maxwell's equations to gain insight into light propagation inside the layer. However, there are often major differences between the simulated near-field intensity directly above the surface and SNOM measurements. The SNOM measurements are being performed in a way that sample and probe have a distance of about 20 nm at their closest point, therefore the finite size of the probe has a severe impact on the measurement, e.g. for textured surfaces. Any steep flank present in the topography leads to an increased distance between the aperture of the probe and the sample surface, since the shortest distance between sample and probe occurs at the side of the tip. This behavior modifies the measurement at all points where the geometry does not allow for the aperture to be placed 20 nm over the topography, since another part of the probe would get in contact with the surface. To account for these topography artifacts in our simulations, we developed an algorithm to calculate the height of the probe above each point of the surface. Taking this position into account for each point of the topography measurement, we are able to obtain an intensity distribution at the same positions as the SNOM measurement. This intensity distribution shows a much better agreement to experiment than assuming a constant distance of 20 nm from the surface. We illustrate this algorithm and its consequences for comparisons between SNOM measurements and simulation using the textured transparent front contact of a silicon-based thin-film solar cell as an example. In such devices, the absorber layer of the cell is typically thinner than the absorption length of the incident light, especially in the long wavelength region. Due to the texture, the effective light path can be prolonged, and near-field measurements allow for an insight into light intensity close to the interface as well as guided modes.

SPIE Journal Paper | 11 June 2012

Optical simulations of microcrystalline silicon solar cells applying plasmonic reflection grating back contacts

Ulrich Paetzold, Etienne Moulin, Bart Pieters, Uwe Rau, Reinhard Carius

JPE, Vol. 2, Issue 1, 027002, (June 2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JPE.2.027002

KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Plasmonics, External quantum efficiency, Silver, Silicon solar cells, Nanostructures, Reflection, Microcrystalline materials, Thin film solar cells, Optical simulations

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Proceedings Article | 2 May 2012 Paper

Paper

Influence of texture modifications in silicon solar cells on absorption in the intrinsic layers

M. Ermes, K. Bittkau, R. Carius

Proceedings Volume 8438, 84380I (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.922204

KEYWORDS: Absorption, Transparent conductors, Silicon, Interfaces, Microcrystalline materials, Atomic force microscopy, Silicon solar cells, Scattering, Statistical analysis, Refractive index

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Proceedings Article | 2 May 2012 Paper

Paper

Correlation between surface topography and short-circuit current density for thin-film silicon solar cells

A. Hoffmann, G. Jost, K. Bittkau, R. Carius

Proceedings Volume 8438, 84381H (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.922797

KEYWORDS: Scattering, Light scattering, Silicon, Air contamination, Solar cells, Thin film solar cells, Interfaces, Thin films, Silicon solar cells, Transparent conductors

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Proceedings Article | 21 September 2011 Paper

Paper

Optical simulations and prototyping of microcrystalline silicon solar cells with integrated plasmonic reflection grating back contacts

U. Paetzold, E. Moulin, B. Pieters, U. Rau, R. Carius

Proceedings Volume 8111, 811107 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.893749

KEYWORDS: Solar cells, External quantum efficiency, Plasmonics, Silver, Silicon solar cells, Absorption, Nanostructures, Thin film solar cells, Thin films, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 11 September 2010 Paper

Paper

3D photonic crystals for photon management in solar cells

J. Üpping, A. Bielawny, C. Ulbrich, M. Peters, J. Goldschmidt, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, T. Beckers, A. Lambertz, R. Carius, U. Rau, R. Wehrspohn

Proceedings Volume 7756, 77560A (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.859467

KEYWORDS: Photonic crystals, Solar cells, Absorption, Reflection, External quantum efficiency, Zinc oxide, Solar concentrators, Optical spheres, Reflectors, Crystals

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2010 Paper

Paper

Localized plasmonic losses at metal back contacts of thin-film silicon solar cells

U. Paetzold, F. Hallermann, B. Pieters, U. Rau, R. Carius, G. von Plessen

Proceedings Volume 7725, 772517 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.854430

KEYWORDS: Silver, Absorption, Thin film solar cells, Plasmonics, Zinc oxide, Silicon solar cells, Thin films, Metals, Interfaces, Nanostructures

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2010 Paper

Paper

Fourier analysis for the study of light scattering properties of randomly textured ZnO films

Karsten Bittkau, Melanie Schulte, Thomas Beckers, Reinhard Carius

Proceedings Volume 7725, 77250N (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.854337

KEYWORDS: Scattering, Light scattering, Diffraction, Spatial resolution, Atomic force microscopy, Zinc oxide, Interfaces, Diffraction gratings, Thin film solar cells, Synthetic aperture radar

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2010 Paper

Paper

Micromorph silicon tandem solar cells with fully integrated 3D photonic crystal intermediate reflectors

J. Üpping, A. Bielawny, S. Fahr, C. Rockstuhl, F. Lederer, L. Steidl, R. Zentel, T. Beckers, A. Lambertz, R. Carius, R. Wehrspohn

Proceedings Volume 7725, 77250K (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857614

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, Photonic crystals, Silicon, External quantum efficiency, Tandem solar cells, Reflectors, Thin films, Atomic layer deposition, Crystals, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2010 Paper

Paper

Photon down-conversion in Terbium(III)-doped thin dielectric films and fluorozirconate glasses for thin film solar cells

K. Baumgartner, B. Ahrens, O. Angelov, M. Sendova-Vassileva, D. Dimova-Malinovska, B. Holländer, S. Schweizer, R. Carius

Proceedings Volume 7725, 77250T (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.853939

KEYWORDS: Terbium, Thin films, Ions, Glasses, Absorption, Annealing, Silica, Thin film solar cells, Luminescence, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 12 February 2010 Paper

Paper

Large scale simulations in the realm of nanooptics

C. Rockstuhl, C. Etrich, C. Helgert, C. Menzel, T. Paul, S. Fahr, T. Pertsch, J. Dorfmüller, R. Esteban, W. Khunsin, R. Vogelgesang, K. Kern, A. Dmitriev, K. Bittkau, T. Beckers, R. Carius, F. Lederer

Proceedings Volume 7604, 76040D (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.841700

KEYWORDS: Absorption, Solar cells, Metamaterials, Near field scanning optical microscopy, Scattering, Nano optics, Interfaces, Dielectrics, Finite-difference time-domain method, Nanoantennas

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Proceedings Article | 21 August 2009 Paper

Paper

Electric transport in 3D photonic crystal intermediate reflectors for micromorph thin-film tandem solar cells

J. Üpping, A. Bielawny, S. Lee, M. Knez, R. Carius, R. Wehrspohn

Proceedings Volume 7409, 74090J (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824688

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, External quantum efficiency, Reflectivity, Reflectors, Photonic crystals, Prototyping, Thin films, Absorption, Atomic layer deposition, Tandem solar cells

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Proceedings Article | 5 May 2008 Paper

Paper

Three-dimensional photonic crystals as intermediate filter for thin-film tandem solar cells

Andreas Bielawny, Paul Miclea, Ralf Wehrspohn, Seung-Mo Lee, Mato Knez, Carsten Rockstuhl, Marian Lisca, Falk Lederer, Reinhard Carius

Proceedings Volume 7002, 700208 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.781090

KEYWORDS: Photonic crystals, Zinc oxide, Reflectivity, Thin films, Amorphous silicon, Silicon, Crystals, Optical spheres, Composites, Solar cells

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Proceedings Article | 5 May 2008 Paper

Paper

The optical near-field of randomly textured light trapping structures for thin-film solar cells

T. Beckers, K. Bittkau, C. Rockstuhl, S. Fahr, F. Lederer, R. Carius

Proceedings Volume 7002, 70020D (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.781121

KEYWORDS: Zinc oxide, Amorphous silicon, Near field scanning optical microscopy, Near field optics, Thin film solar cells, Near field, Finite-difference time-domain method, Silicon solar cells, Thin films, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 11 September 2007 Paper

Paper

Diffractive and energy selective photonic crystals for thin-film tandem solar cells

Andreas Bielawny, Paul Miclea, Ralf Wehrspohn, Andreas von Rhein, Carsten Rockstuhl, Marian Lisca, Falk Lederer, Birger Lange, Rudolf Zentel, Reinhard Carius

Proceedings Volume 6651, 665106 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.733084

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Photonic crystals, Diffraction, Thin films, Photons, Absorption, Crystals, Thin film solar cells, Optical spheres, Tandem solar cells

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Showing 5 of 20 publications

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