The article proposes the use of three directions of development at once to solve the problem of dividing objects into classes. The first direction uses the formation of a computationally simple multi-criteria method for smoothing data in windows of complex adaptive forms, adapting the method of dividing objects into background/structure, and simplifying images. The approaches being developed are intended for implementation on low-computing devices with the ability to parallelize processes. The second direction being worked on is the formation of a model of the structure of a neuron organized on the basis of the use of memristor structures. The paper presents an approach to the formation of such structures, provides the characteristics of such devices, and describes methods for combining analog and digital parts to implement memory or control systems. The final direction discussed in the article is the formation of a neural network for the classification of simple objects based on a model of new neurons and data preprocessing. To test the approach proposed in the work, studies were carried out on a set of test data obtained by a sensor (simple sensor) system. The generated data array for evaluating efficiency is limited by a time window and has real noise (errors). The work provides assessments of effectiveness, recommendations for the selection of parameters and presents requirements for the type and form of the analyzed data.
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