Knowledge of optical properties (absorption coefficients, scattering Coefficients, and anisotropy) is necessary for understanding light tissue interactions. Optical parameters define the behavior of light in the tissues. Intralipid and Indian ink are well-established tissue body phantoms. Quantitative characterization of biological tissues in terms of optical properties is achieved with integrating sphere. However, samples having significantly higher scattering and absorption coefficients such as malignant tissues potentially reduce the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and accuracy of integrating sphere. We have measured the diffuse reflection and transmission of these phantoms by placing them in integrating sphere at 632.8 nm and then applied IAD method to determine the optical properties tissue phantoms composed of Indian ink (1.0%) and Intralipid (20%). We have fabricated a special sample holder with thin microscopic cover slips which can be used to measure signal from highly concentrated intralipid and Indian ink solutions. Experiments conducted with various phantoms reveal significant improvement of SNR for a wide range of optical properties. This approach opens up a field for potential applications in measurement of optical properties of highly diffusive biological tissues. For 20% intralipid μa =0.112±0.046 cm-1 and μs =392.299±10.090 cm-1 at 632.8 nm and for 1.0% Indian ink μa =9.808±0.490 cm-1 and μs =1.258±0.063 cm-1 at same wavelength. System shows good repeatability and reproducibility within 4.9% error. Work may have important biomedical applications in photo-diagnosis and Photodynamic therapy.
We demonstrate significant differences in the propagation of polarized laser light through biological tissue
phantom. The Stokes vectors along with degree of linearly and circularly polarized light were measured with
stokes polarimetry techniques. The measurements were performed on dense and diluted tissue phantoms that
consisted of soybean oil interloped. Liquid crystal variable retarder (LCVR) Stokes polarimeter is used for
either rotating the major axis of elliptically polarized light or for converting an input linearly polarized beam
into an arbitrary elliptically polarized beam. This system makes possible a direct measurement of a
component of the Stokes vector with phase change detection of polarization modulation for polarimetric
measurements of turbid media and biological tissue.
The polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (OCT) system provides useful informations about the biological tissues. The exact tissue parameters measurement and comparison predicts about the malignant and normal tissues. The degree of polarization changes with the depth of tissue samples. We have established the analytical modeling with Jones-Mueller matrix for imaging technique, which experimentally extract the birefringence, depolarization, absorption and scattering information of tissues. The Jones matrix of thermally treated porcine tendon showed a reduction of birefringence from thermal damage. The Jones matrices of porcine skin and bovine cartilage also revealed that the density and orientation of the collagen fibers in porcine skin and bovine cartilage are not distributed as uniformly as in porcine tendon. Birefringence is sensitive to changes in tissue because it is based on phase contrast.
Laser transmittion and scattering technique, including depolarization of wave applied to biological particles provide a sample way for diagnostic and treatment of skin lesion and breast cancer. Laser polarization imaging system is described for non invasive and non radioactive detection. The system described in this paper generates 16 full out put Mueller matrix for characterization of turbid medium. In this work we describe the scattering and depolarization of electromagnetic radiation through biological turbid medium. This research work provides a base work for designing quick model of polarized laser tissues imaging.
The polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (OCT) system provides useful informations about the biological tissues. The exact tissue parameters measurement and comparison predicts about the malignant and normal tissues. The degree of polarization changes with the depth of tissue samples. We have established the analytical modeling with Jones-Mueller matrix for imaging technique, which experimentally extract the birefringence, depolarization, absorption and scattering information of tissues. The Jones matrix of thermally treated porcine tendon showed a reduction of birefringence from thermal damage. The Jones matrices of porcine skin and bovine cartilage also revealed that the density and orientation of the collagen fibers in porcine skin and bovine cartilage are not distributed as uniformly as in porcine tendon. Birefringence is sensitive to changes in tissue because it is based on phase contrast.
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