Despite the effectiveness of using fractional picosecond 1064-nm Nd:YAG lasers for facial rejuvenation or resurfacing, the underlying mechanisms of the dermal remodeling with this nonablative treatment are not fully understood. We perform harmonic generation and reflectance confocal microscopy for the in vivo observation of laser-induced optical breakdown. We have found that the induced vacuoles extend to the papillary dermis using second harmonic generation imaging, which is different from the histopathology examinations and previous studies using optical coherence tomography and reflectance confocal microscopy. Our finding suggests that the fractional picosecond laser may induce collagen degeneration through suboptimal thermal effects.
We have realized video-rate three-photon fluorescence microscopy based on a simple 1320-nm femtosecond source, which is driven by a 24-MHz Cr:forsterite oscillator and fiber-optic nonlinear conversion. The development aims to find a robust pumping source for deep-tissue GFP imaging. We optimized the laser oscillator to deliver 40-nJ output pulse energy at around 1260 nm, and the matching of the laser spectrum and GFP excitation can be realized by precisely control the interplay between self-phase modulation and fiber dispersion. We have obtained clear video-rate three-photon imaging from fluorescent beads, and further optimization leading to deep-tissue GFP imaging will be discussed.
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