Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMt) has been reported effective for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at low cost in the clinical trial journals for years. PBMt is reported to increase the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which promotes the growth and survival of neurons. BDNF is thought to play a role in the regulation of mood, learning, and memory, and it is also thought to be involved in the treatment of PTSD. PBMt is also reported to reduce inflammation in the brain, which is regarded helpful for reducing the symptoms of the psychiatric disorders, including PTSD. In this paper, the PBMt treatment recipes and the results on the PTSDs from the clinical papers already published are analyzed and compared. The most frequently used treatment parameters such as irradiances, wavelengths, doses, and light pulsing frequencies are derived. The treatment recipes for PTSD patients are also suggested.
Applications of red and near infrared LED light with diverse pulsing frequencies over the head and on the nose were proven effective in improving the cognitive capability of the Alzheimer's disease patients. A protocol for clinical trial for the patients with Alzheimer’s disease using flexible LED photobiomodulation therapy devices with 660nm, 850nm, and 940nm LEDs over the head, nose, neck, and abdominal area with 40Hz light pulsing frequency is described for this case study.
Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy using red and near infrared light has been reported effective for reduction of pain, reduction of inflammation, wound healing, skin rejuvenation, hair growth, fat loss, slowing or stopping and even reversing progress of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Most of the clinical trial results of PBM therapy have been reported effective depending on the light pulsing frequencies and wavelengths of light of PBM therapy devices. Many PBM therapy devices for personal and home use have been introduced for PBM therapy, but the optical and electrical parameters of the PBM devices have not been clearly specified, which makes it difficult and confused for users to select PBM devices suitable for their applications. In this paper, the most frequently used PBM therapy conditions including wavelengths, light pulsing frequencies, and applications of the PBM therapy devices in the clinical papers were analyzed.
Many clinical trials on photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy from head to toe have been reported during the last 30 years. The benefits of PBM therapy (PBMT) include pain relief, wound healing, skin rejuvenation, hair growth, and reduction of inflammation, and etc. Recently, applications of PBMT on the nose and brain have shown to be effective in delaying the progress of the neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s diseases (PD). Various PBMT devices have been used to treat the neurodegenerative brain diseases, but the PBMT device structure, doses, irradiances, and light sources used for the clinical trials were different, which makes it difficult for users to find an appropriate treatment method. In this paper, diverse treatment methods for the neurodegenerative brain disease, and the most frequently used PBMT conditions were analyzed.
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMt) has played beneficial roles as non-invasive modalities for pain relief, wound healing, skin rejuvenation, hair regrowth, treatment for oral mucositis, and etc. for more than 50 years. Recently, there have been many PB Mt clinical trials for brain care. Recent results of PBMt clinical trials performed at Dankook University using red and near infrared LEDs include fat loss and reduction of symptoms on allergic rhinitis. Detailed processes, conditions of PBMt applications, and test results are summarized. PBMt using red and near infrared LEDs were found effective for fat loss and relief from allergic rhinitis. A potential application of PBMt using red and near infrared LEDs for brain care is also proposed.
Photobiomodulation using light from red and near infrared LEDs or Lasers have been reported effective as noninvasive methods for fat loss. A total of 55 subjects were randomly divided into test groups and control groups for abdominal fat reduction clinical trial using red and near infrared LED phototherapy devices. Red and near infrared light with irradiance of 10 mW/cm2 were irradiated over the abdominal area to the test group for 30 minutes at 3 times a week followed by 3 times of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise a week for 4 weeks. Control group used sham devices for 30 minutes 3 times a week and followed by 3 times of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise a week for 4 weeks. It was shown that red and near infrared LED phototherapy combined with aerobic exercise was effective and safe for abdominal fat loss without any side effects.
Low level light therapy (LLLT) using light from red and near infrared LEDs or Lasers have been reported effective as noninvasive methods for reducing spot fat. A total of 55 subjects were randomly divided into test groups and control groups for abdominal fat reduction clinical trial using red and near infrared LED phototherapy devices. Red and near infrared light with irradiance of 10 mW/cm2 were irradiated over the abdominal area to the test group for 30 minutes followed by 30 minutes of aerobic exercise, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Control group used sham devices for 30 minutes and followed by 30 minutes of aerobic exercise. It is expected that red and near infrared LED phototherapy combined with aerobic exercise would be effective and safe for abdominal fat reduction without any side effects.
The effect of LED phototherapy on blood lactate level in the muscle was studied. A 450cm2 large red and near infrared
LED pad with its irradiance of 10mW/cm2 was applied for 10 minutes to brachial muscle and quadriceps muscle of thigh
to the participants before and after the Taekwondo contest. Blood samples from the participants were taken at 5 minutes
after the competition and 10 minutes after the recovery. The test results showed that the LED therapy (LEDT) before and
after the competition had a significant effect on the decrease of blood lactate level of the participants.
Photoluminescenc eand electroluminescence of CaSiN2:Eu materials were investigted to develop a new phosphor for thin film electroluminescence (TFEL) device applications. Ca3N2 and Si3N4 powders were mixed to form CaSiN2 hostmaterials and Eu was added as the luminescent center. The mixed powermatrials were cold pressed under the pressure of 1 Kg/cm2 to make pellets, and fired at 1400 degrees Celsius for 2 hours under N2H2 envrionemtn. Th ex-ry diffraction(CRD) patterns of synthesizd materals wer well matched with CaSiN2 of joint committee for powder diffraction standards (JCPDS) csrad. When illuminated by ultravilet rays, th enew phosphors emitted very bright red ligh of peak wav lenegth centered at 620 nm. Th TFEL devices with CaSiN2:Eu phosphor layser swre grown by sputter depositonof CaSiN2:Eu target. Red light emission was observed when the peak amplitude of the applied voltge exceeded 116 V.l The luminance was shown to increase sharply withth increase of the applied voltage. The maximum luminance was 1.62 Cd/m2 at the applied peak voltage of 276 V. The red emission from CaSiN2:Eu TFEL device seems to result from electronic transition of Eu3+ ions.The emission spectra of TFEl devices matchwell withth ephotoluminescence spectra of CaSiN2:Ey powders. The new devices structure and fabrication processes for the iimprovement of emission intenityof CaSiN2:Eu TFEl devices ar under investigation.
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