Dr. Tian Gu Profile

Dr. Tian Gu

Research Scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Area of Expertise:

Optics , Integrated photonics , Photonic materials , Metasurface , Imaging , Sensing

Publications (40)

Proceedings Article | 7 June 2024 Presentation + Paper

Metalens-enabled wide field-of-view imaging and sensing

Hanyu Zheng, Hung-I Lin, Fan Yang, Zhaoyi Li, Mikhail Shalaginov, Padraic Burns, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume 13030, 1303007 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3011292

KEYWORDS: Distortion, Metalenses, Monochromatic aberrations, Silicon, Modulation transfer functions, Imaging systems, Fabrication, Polymethylmethacrylate, Point spread functions, Ultraviolet radiation

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Proceedings Article | 13 March 2024 Presentation + Paper

Deep learning-based approach for multi-functional fabrication-friendly metasurfaces

Akira Ueno, Hung-I Lin, Fan Yang, Sensong An, Louis Martin-Monier, Mikhail Shalaginov, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 12897, 1289708 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3002724

KEYWORDS: Design, Fabrication, Collimators, Neural networks, Beam divergence, Manufacturing, Deep learning, Metalenses

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Proceedings Article | 13 March 2024 Presentation

Multifunctional metasurface flat optics for imaging and sensing

Fan Yang, Hung-I Lin, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume PC12896, PC128960V (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3012807

KEYWORDS: Flat optics, Wavefronts, Nanoantennas

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Proceedings Article | 13 March 2024 Presentation

Advancing metasurfaces towards new frontiers: nonvolatile reconfigurable optics

Hyun Jung Kim, Kiumars Aryana, Scott Bartram, Stephen Borg, William Humphreys, Cosmin-Constantin Popescu, Steven Vitale, Hyung Bin Bae, Taewoo Lee, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume PC12896, PC128960D (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2692087

KEYWORDS: Free space optics, Transmission electron microscopy, Interfaces, Fabrication, Design and modelling, Circuit switching, Adaptive optics, Thermal modeling, Temperature distribution, Spectroscopes

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Proceedings Article | 9 March 2024 Presentation

Scaling up phase change material-based devices: expanding dimensions for adaptive optics

Kiumars Aryana, Hyun Jung Kim, Cosmin-Constantin Popescu, Steven Vitale, Hyung Bin Bae, Taewoo Lee, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume PC12890, PC128900W (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2692982

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Circuit switching, Thermal modeling, Switching, Power consumption, Photonic integrated circuits, Optical discs, Optical components, Instrument modeling, Glasses

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2023 Presentation

Dynamic light shaping using active optical metasurfaces

Fan Yang, Cosmin-Constantin Popescu, Carlos Ríos Ocampo, Yifei Zhang, Mikhail Shalaginov, Hung-I Lin, Sensong An, Hyun Jung Kim, Matthew Julian, Calum Williams, Kiumars Aryana, Scott Bartram, Stephen Borg, William Humphreys, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Paul Miller, Christopher Roberts, Steven Vitale, Hualiang Zhang, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume PC12514, PC125140A (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2664410

KEYWORDS: Active optics, Optical components, Nanoantennas, Integrated optics

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2023 Presentation

P-ACTIVE (PCM-based actively tunable filter) project at NASA

Hyun Jung Kim, Stephen Borg, Scott Bartram, William Humphreys, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu, Matthew Julian, Calum Williams

Proceedings Volume PC12514, PC1251403 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2655485

KEYWORDS: Tunable filters, Thermal sensing, Space operations, Optical filters, Mid-IR, Lead, Infrared signatures, Image filtering, Chemical species, Biological and chemical sensing

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Proceedings Article | 14 June 2023 Presentation + Paper

Wide field-of-view long-wave infrared metalenses

Hung-I Lin, Jeffrey Geldmeier, Erwan Baleine, Fan Yang, Sensong An, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 12530, 125300I (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2661943

KEYWORDS: Zinc selenide, Thermography, Long wavelength infrared, Design and modelling, Silicon, Metalenses, Transmittance, Semiconducting wafers, Modulation transfer functions, Deep reactive ion etching

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SPIE Journal Paper | 23 May 2023 Open Access

Wide field-of-view metalens: a tutorial

Fan Yang, Mikhail Shalaginov, Hung-I Lin, Sensong An, Anu Agarwal, Hualiang Zhang, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

AP, Vol. 5, Issue 03, 033001, (May 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.AP.5.3.033001

KEYWORDS: Design and modelling, Metalenses, Lenses, Monochromatic aberrations, Lens design, Distortion, Photonics, Imaging systems, Chromatic aberrations, Solids

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Proceedings Article | 17 March 2023 Presentation

Phase change reconfigurable optical wavefront synthesis system

Hyun Jung Kim, Kiumars Aryana, Scott Bartram, Stephen Borg, William Humphreys, Cosmin-Constantin Popescu, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu, Steven Vitale

Proceedings Volume PC12432, PC124320N (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2647764

KEYWORDS: Wavefronts, Silicon, Tunable filters, Switching, Sensors, Remote sensing, Optical fabrication equipment, Optical fabrication, Optical communications, Light scattering

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Proceedings Article | 17 March 2023 Presentation

Fisheye-metalens stereo camera

Mikhail Shalaginov, Hung-I Lin, Fan Yang, Drew Weninger, Sensong An, Anuradha Agarwal, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume PC12432, PC124320R (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2650997

KEYWORDS: Stereoscopic cameras, Sensors, Panoramic photography, Image resolution, Diffraction, Three dimensional sensing, Silica, Robotics, Optical components, Mixed reality

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Proceedings Article | 15 March 2023 Presentation + Paper

Metasurface optics enabled computational sensing

Fan Yang, Hung-I Lin, Mikhail Shalaginov, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume 12438, 1243808 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2647615

KEYWORDS: Point spread functions, Polarization, Design and modelling, Image deconvolution, Wavefronts, Optical sensing, Transmittance, Signal intensity, Prior knowledge, Incident light

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Proceedings Article | 15 March 2023 Presentation + Paper

Learning from failure: boosting cycling endurance of optical phase change materials

Cosmin-Constantin Popescu, Steven Vitale, Christopher Roberts, Paul Miller, Kiumars Aryana, Myungkoo Kang, Kathleen Richardson, Hyun Jung Kim, William Humphreys, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 12431, 124310B (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657208

KEYWORDS: Photonics, Quantum photonics, Lithium, Switching, Optical switching, Chalcogenides, Silicon, Crystals, Phase shift keying, Transistors

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2022 Presentation + Paper

New phase change materials for active photonics

Cosmin Constantin-Popescu, Mikhail Shalaginov, Fan Yang, Hung-I Lin, Sensong An, Christopher Roberts, Paul Miller, Myungkoo Kang, Kathleen Richardson, Hualiang Zhang, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Hyun Jung Kim, Tian Gu, Steven Vitale, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 12196, 1219606 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2631038

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Photonics, Switching, Lithium, Absorption, Photonic crystals, Electronics, Refractive index, Germanium, Chalcogenides

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2022 Presentation + Paper

Non-mechanical reconfigurable zoom metalenses

Fan Yang, Hung-I Lin, Mikhail Shalaginov, Katherine Stoll, Sensong An, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Myungkoo Kang, Anuradha Agarwal, Kathleen Richardson, Hualiang Zhang, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume 12196, 1219605 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2634252

KEYWORDS: Zoom lenses, Polarization, Lens design, Image quality, Waveguides, Mid-IR, Distortion, Telescopes, Optical components, Image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2022 Presentation + Paper

Understanding wide field-of-view metalenses

Fan Yang, Mikhail Shalaginov, Sensong An, Hualiang Zhang, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 12011, 1201108 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2607381

KEYWORDS: Monochromatic aberrations, Algorithm development, Optical components, Distortion, Colorimetry, Panoramic photography, Imaging systems, Chemical elements, Optimization (mathematics), Image resolution

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2022 Presentation

Phase-change-material (PCM)-based actively tunable filters for both terrestrial and spaceborne platforms

Hyun Jung Kim, Stephen Borg, William Humphreys, Matthew Julian, Calum Williams, David Bombara, Yifei Zhang, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume PC12011, PC1201102 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2607826

KEYWORDS: Tunable filters, Phase shift keying, Optical filters, Mid-IR, Solid state electronics, Optical components, Ultraviolet radiation, Ultrafast phenomena, Thin films, Thermography

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2022 Presentation + Paper

Ultra-broadband, high-efficiency, and wafer-scale fiber-to-chip coupling using free-form micro-optical reflectors

Shaoliang Yu, Luigi Ranno, Qingyang Du, Samuel Serna, Colin McDonough, Nicholas Fahrenkopf, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 12006, 1200604 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2605054

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Reflectors, Tolerancing, Optical fibers, Photonics, Packaging, Fiber couplers, Integrated optics, Geometrical optics, Free space optics

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Proceedings Article | 3 March 2022 Presentation + Paper

Phase change materials: the 'silicon' for analog photonic computing?

Carlos Ríos, Yifei Zhang, Qingyang Du, Cosmin-Constantin Popescu, Mikhail Shalaginov, Paul Miller, Christopher Roberts, Myungkoo Kang, Kathleen Richardson, Tian Gu, Steven Vitale, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 12019, 1201909 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2613410

KEYWORDS: Switching, Silicon, Integrated photonics, Optical computing, Lithium, Antimony, Switches, Photonic devices, Chalcogenides, Silicon photonics

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Proceedings Article | 1 August 2021 Presentation

On-chip optical tweezers based on free-form optics

Jinsheng Lu, Shaoliang Yu, Vincent Ginis, Simon Kheifets, Soon Wei Daniel Lim, Min Qiu, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu, Federico Capasso

Proceedings Volume 11798, 117981O (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594988

KEYWORDS: Optical tweezers, Freeform optics, Reflectivity, Optical design, Integrated optics, Waveguides, Two photon polymerization, Reflectors, Photonic integrated circuits, Particles

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Proceedings Article | 1 August 2021 Presentation + Paper

Electrically-switchable foundry-processed phase change photonic devices

Carlos Ríos, Yifei Zhang, Qingyang Du, Cosmin-Constantin Popescu, Mikhail Shalaginov, Paul Miller, Christopher Roberts, Myungkoo Kang, Kathleen Richardson, Sensong An, Clayton Fowler, Hualiang Zhang, Tian Gu, Steven Vitale, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 11796, 117961Z (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2592021

KEYWORDS: Switching, Silicon, Antimony, Photonic devices, Waveguides, Phase shifts, Phase shift keying, Integrated photonics, Crystals, Switches

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2020 Presentation + Paper

Reconfigurable all-dielectric metalens for diffraction-limited imaging

Mikhail Shalaginov, Sensong An, Yifei Zhang, Fan Yang, Peter Su, Vladimir Liberman, Jeffrey Chou, Christopher Roberts, Myungkoo Kang, Carlos Rios, Qingyang Du, Clayton Fowler, Anuradha Agarwal, Kathleen Richardson, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Hualiang Zhang, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume 11461, 114610M (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2565267

KEYWORDS: Active optics, Switching, Image resolution, Refractive index, Etching, Electron beam lithography

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2020 Presentation

Advanced imaging optics enabled by ultra-thin, all-dielectric metasurfaces (Conference Presentation)

Tian Gu, Mikhail Shalaginov, Sensong An, Fan Yang, Qingyang Du, Yifei Zhang, Clayton Fowler, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Hualiang Zhang, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 11403, 1140303 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2559877

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Nanostructuring, Polarization, Wavefronts, Control systems

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Proceedings Article | 3 May 2020 Presentation

High-performance reconfigurable meta-optics based on optical phase change materials (Rising Researcher) (Conference Presentation)

Tian Gu, Mikhail Shalaginov, Sensong An, Sawyer Campbell, Yifei Zhang, Carlos Ríos, Lei Kang, Myungkoo Kang, Claudia Gonçalves, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Kathleen Richardson, Douglas Werner, Hualiang Zhang, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 11389, 113890O (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2557439

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Optical properties, Photonic devices, Optical switching, Transparency, Glasses, Switching, Transition metals, Solid state physics

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Proceedings Article | 12 September 2019 Presentation + Paper

Designing nonvolatile integrated photonics with low-loss optical phase change materials

Yifei Zhang, Qihang Zhang, Jeffrey Chou, Junying Li, Christopher Roberts, Myungkoo Kang, Claudia Gonçalves, Richard Soref, Carlos Ríos, Mikhail Shalaginov, Kathleen Richardson, Tian Gu, Vladimir Liberman, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 11081, 110811S (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2528993

KEYWORDS: Integrated photonics, Geometrical optics, Integrated optics, Switching, Switches, Crystals, Photonic crystals, Photonic crystal devices, Attenuators

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2019 Presentation

High-performance mid-IR metasurface optics (Conference Presentation)

Mikhail Shalaginov, Sensong An, Hanyu Zheng, Li Zhang, Clayton Fowler, Jun Ding, Tian Gu, Hualiang Zhang, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 11080, 1108005 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2527527

KEYWORDS: Mid-IR, Free space optics, Thermography, Absorption, Molecules, Molecular spectroscopy, Atmospheric optics, Atmospheric sensing, Spectroscopic atmospheric monitoring techniques, Biomedical optics

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2019 Presentation

High-index-contrast dielectric metasurface optics for MWIR imaging (Conference Presentation)

Mikhail Shalaginov, Sensong An, Lan Li, Hanyu Zheng, Jun Ding, Li Zhang, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Tian Gu, Hualiang Zhang, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 10998, 109980G (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2516557

KEYWORDS: Mid-IR, Dielectrics, Visible radiation, Near infrared, Optics manufacturing, Night vision, Biosensing, Electromagnetism, Infrared imaging, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2019 Presentation + Paper

Chip-scale high-performance digital Fourier Transform (dFT) spectrometers

Derek Kita, Brando Miranda, Carlos Ríos, David Favela, David Bono, Jérôme Michon, Hongtao Lin, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 10983, 1098306 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518437

KEYWORDS: Spectrometers, Spectroscopes, Signal to noise ratio, Switches, Spectral resolution, Spectrum analysis, Waveguides, Fourier transforms, Mach-Zehnder interferometers, Chemical elements

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2019 Paper

Reshaping light: reconfigurable photonics enabled by broadband low-loss optical phase change materials

Yifei Zhang, Jeffrey Chou, Mikhail Shalaginov, Carlos Rios, Christopher Roberts, Paul Robinson, Bridget Bohlin, Qingyang Du, Qihang Zhang, Junying Li, Myungkoo Kang, Claudia Gonçalves, Kathleen Richardson, Tian Gu, Vladimir Liberman, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 10982, 109820Q (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513385

KEYWORDS: Switching, Switches, Photonics, Crystals, Mid-IR, Defense and security, Refractive index, Waveguides, Scanning electron microscopy, Optical switching

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Proceedings Article | 4 March 2019 Presentation + Paper

Integrated photonics put at full stretch: flexible and stretchable photonic devices enabled by optical and mechanical co-design

Lan Li, Hongtao Lin, Shutao Qiao, Yizhong Huang, Junying Li, Jerome Michon, Carlos Alonso-Ramos, Laurent Vivien, Anupama Yadav, Kathleen Richardson, Nanshu Lu, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 10922, 109220M (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2505830

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Photonic devices, Integrated optics, Sensors, Resonators, Polymers, Photodetectors, Glasses, Integrated photonics, Epoxies

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2018 Presentation

Ultra-thin, reconfigurable meta-optics using optical phase change materials (Conference Presentation)

Mikhail Shalaginov, Yifei Zhang, Sensong An, Jeffrey Chou, Qingyang Du, Anupama Yadav, Myungkoo Kang, Cesar Blanco, Peter Su, Megan Driggers, Andrew Kirk, Erwan Baleine, Anuradha Agarwal, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Vladimir Liberman, Kathleen Richardson, Hualiang Zhang, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume 10719, 1071911 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2323580

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Photonic crystal devices, Photonic crystals, Optical properties, Photonic devices, Optical components, Optical switching, Tellurium, Selenium, Transparency

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Proceedings Article | 23 May 2018 Presentation

Reconfigurable photonics enabled by optical phase change materials (Conference Presentation)

Yifei Zhang, Jeffrey Chou, Qihang Zhang, Junying Li, Huashan Li, Qingyang Du, Anupama Yadav, Myungkoo Kang, Cesar Blanco, Huikai Zhong, Mikhail Shalaginov, Jeffrey Grossman, Richard Soref, Vladimir Liberman, Kathleen Richardson, Juejun Hu, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume 10686, 1068606 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2314894

KEYWORDS: Photonics, Photonic devices, Optical properties, Crystals, Photonic crystal devices, Photonic crystals, Optical switching, Dielectrics, Tellurium, Selenium

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Proceedings Article | 14 March 2018 Presentation

Broadband low-loss optical phase change materials and devices (Conference Presentation)

Yifei Zhang, Jeffery Chou, Junying Li, Qingyang Du, Qihang Zhang, Huikai Zhong, Anupama Yadav, Myungkoo Kang, Zhuoran Fang, Hanyu Zheng, Mikhail Shalaginov, Tian Gu, Kathleen Richardson, Vladimir Liberman, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 10541, 105410H (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2297139

KEYWORDS: Dielectrics, Optical properties, Refractive index, Solid state electronics, Chalcogenides, Optical switching, Optical components, Photonics systems, Switches

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Proceedings Article | 14 March 2018 Presentation

Chalcogenide glass-on-2D-materials photonics (Conference Presentation)

Hongtao Lin, Yi Song, Yizhong Huang, Derek Kita, Skylar Deckoff-Jones, Kaiqi Wang, Lan Li, Junying Li, Hanyu Zheng, Zhengqian Luo, Spencer Novak, Anupama Yadav, Chung-Che Huang, Haozhe Wang, Ren-Jye Shiue, Dirk Englund, Tian Gu, Daniel Hewak, Kathleen Richardson, Jing Kong, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 10537, 105370W (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2287588

KEYWORDS: Mid-IR, Photonics, Chalcogenide glass, Graphene, Silicon, Phosphorus, Silicon photonics, Chalcogenides, Integrated photonics, Singular optics

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2017 Presentation + Paper

Integrated photonics for infrared spectroscopic sensing

Hongtao Lin, Derek Kita, Zhaohong Han, Peter Su, Anu Agarwal, Anupama Yadav, Kathleen Richardson, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 10249, 102490G (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2267886

KEYWORDS: Infrared spectroscopy, Spectroscopes, Infrared radiation, Chalcogenide glass, Integrated photonics, Infrared photography, Infrared sensors, Chemical analysis, Gold, Standards development

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Proceedings Article | 17 April 2017 Presentation + Paper

On-chip infrared sensors: redefining the benefits of scaling

Derek Kita, Hongtao Lin, Anu Agarwal, Anupama Yadav, Kathleen Richardson, Igor Luzinov, Tian Gu, Juejun Hu

Proceedings Volume 10081, 100810F (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2250237

KEYWORDS: Spectrometers, Modulation, Absorption, Waveguides, Switches, FT-IR spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Spectroscopes, Sensors, Spectral resolution

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Proceedings Article | 5 September 2014 Paper

Decentralized nonimaging micro-optical concentrator

Tian Gu, William Sweatt, Gautam Agrawal, Bradley Jared, Ben Anderson, Ron Goeke, Brenton Elisberg, Scott Paap, Jose Luis Cruz-Campa, Vipin Gupta, Murat Okandan, Gregory Nielson, Michael Haney

Proceedings Volume 9191, 91910G (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062286

KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Solar concentrators, Optical components, Reflectivity, Transmittance, Optical design, Prototyping, Integrated optics, Glasses, Monte Carlo methods

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Proceedings Article | 8 March 2014 Paper

Chip-to-chip optical interconnects based on flexible integrated photonics

Lan Li, Yi Zou, Hongtao Lin, Juejun Hu, Xiaochen Sun, Ning-Ning Feng, Sylvain Danto, Kathleen Richardson, Tian Gu, Michael Haney

Proceedings Volume 8991, 89910T (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2037812

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Optical interconnects, Photonics, Glasses, Packaging, Adhesives, Optical alignment, Laser bonding, Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, Resonators

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Proceedings Article | 3 February 2012 Paper

Chip-scale integrated optical interconnects: a key enabler for future high-performance computing

Michael Haney, Rohit Nair, Tian Gu

Proceedings Volume 8267, 82670X (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.910249

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Modulators, Metals, Computing systems, Integrated optics, Packaging, Silicon, Photodetectors, Telecommunications, Optical interconnects

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High Performance Computing (HPC) systems are putting ever-increasing demands on the throughput efficiency of their interconnection fabrics. In this paper, the limits of conventional metal trace-based inter-chip interconnect fabrics are examined in the context of state-of-the-art HPC systems, which currently operate near the 1 GFLOPS/W level. The analysis suggests that conventional metal trace interconnects will limit performance to approximately 6 GFLOPS/W in larger HPC systems that require many computer chips to be interconnected in parallel processing architectures. As the HPC communications bottlenecks push closer to the processing chips, integrated Optical Interconnect (OI) technology may provide the ultra-high bandwidths needed at the inter- and intra-chip levels. With inter-chip photonic link energies projected to be less than 1 pJ/bit, integrated OI is projected to enable HPC architecture scaling to the 50 GFLOPS/W level and beyond - providing a path to Peta-FLOPS-level HPC within a single rack, and potentially even Exa-FLOPSlevel HPC for large systems. A new hybrid integrated chip-scale OI approach is described and evaluated. The concept integrates a high-density polymer waveguide fabric directly on top of a multiple quantum well (MQW) modulator array that is area-bonded to the Silicon computing chip. Grayscale lithography is used to fabricate 5 μm x 5 μm polymer waveguides and associated novel small-footprint total internal reflection-based vertical input/output couplers directly onto a layer containing an array of GaAs MQW devices configured to be either absorption modulators or photodetectors. An external continuous wave optical "power supply" is coupled into the waveguide links. Contrast ratios were measured using a test rider chip in place of a Silicon processing chip. The results suggest that sub-pJ/b chip-scale communication is achievable with this concept. When integrated into high-density integrated optical interconnect fabrics, it could provide a seamless interconnect fabric spanning the intra-

Proceedings Article | 23 February 2010 Paper

Modulation-enabled tapered remote coupler: all-optical communication on and off chip

Tian Gu, Rohit Nair, Michael Haney

Proceedings Volume 7607, 76070H (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.845996

KEYWORDS: Modulators, Waveguides, Modulation, Optical interconnects, Geometrical optics, Free space optics, Refractive index, Silicon, Singular optics, Optoelectronics

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