We introduce a twisted-nematic LC cell, which can rotate the polarization angle of the polychromatic light. We used interdigitated electrodes to apply an in-plane field to control the twist angle. Thanks to the asymmetrical anchoring in the LC cell, the twist angle could be rotated continuously by increasing the applied electric field. The linearly polarized light incident on the LC cell can be rotated following the twist direction. Since it does not require an additional retardation film such as QWP, there is no degradation of the performance at a specific wavelength even for the polychromatic light.
A dye-doped LC/polymer light shutter with a polymer structure that is formed using the thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS) method is demonstrated. The TIPS method relies on the difference in solubility between thermoplastic polymer and solvent, and thus there is no degradation of the dye during the fabrication process. The light shutter can be fabricated quickly because the optical properties are not affected by the cooling time. The fabricated TIPS cell shows a superior black color with excellent optical properties, such as a low haze value of 0.5% in the transparent state, and a high haze value of 99.1% in the opaque state. This result can be applied for the high image quality of see-through displays using organic light-emitting diodes.
We introduce a simple method for fast switching of vertically-aligned nematic liquid crystals (LCs). When an electric field is applied to a patterned vertical alignment (PVA) LC cell, virtual walls are formed in the middle of the gaps between and at the center of the patterned electrodes. These virtual walls formed in a PVA cell results in the turn-off time being dependent on the pitch of the patterned electrodes as well as the cell gap. Therefore, a short response time can be achieved by fine patterning of pixel electrodes without requiring additional fabrication steps or complicated drive schemes. A similar behavior has been observed in switching of vertically-aligned LCs with positive dielectric anisotropy by an in-plane electric field.
We introduce a method for achieving a short response time in homogeneously aligned liquid crystal cells by twodimensional confinement of LCs with virtual walls. When an electric field is applied to in-plane switching (IPS) and fringe-field switching (FFS) cells with interdigitated electrodes parallel to the LC alignment direction, virtual walls are built so that the switching speed can be increased several-fold. We also introduce an interdigitated pixel electrode structure with alternating tilts for a much wider viewing angle by aligning the LCs without a pretilt. In addition to a short response time and wide viewing angle, this device allows a much larger deviation of the LC alignment direction which is essential for mass production. Moreover, LCs with negative dielectric anisotropy can be used to minimize the transmittance decrease.
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