In order to select more suitable characteristic lines as the analysis lines of the elements, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is used to detect the self-made soil sample doped with Cd and Fe elements. Using Savitzky-Golay convolution smoothing method to preprocessed spectral data. Select the common line Cd I: 288.122nm, 346.62 nm, Fe I: 357.001 nm, 363.146 nm to establish the calibration curve by external standard method, calculate the detection limit , the influences of atomic configuration and angular momentum on the calibration curve and detection limit of the spectral transition level are studied. The study shows that the detection limit calculated by the analysis lines with high SNR are relatively low and more sensitive to the detection of elements; The SNR of the analysis lines with the same atomic configuration of the transition show the same trend with the change of element content. The analytical lines Cd I: 346.62 nm (2-1) and Fe I: 363.146 nm (4-3) with relatively large angular momentum are better excitation, and the correlation coefficient R2 of the obtained calibration curves are relatively higher, the limit of detection is smaller than the Cd I: 288.122 nm (1-1) and Fe I: 357.001 nm (1-1), the lines with large angular momentum are more suitable for element detection.
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