This paper presents an optical sensor based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon, involved with
liquid crystal (LC) sensitive layer. This sensor has potential applications in chemical and biological systems. We
present a tracking method for the state of alignment and degree of ordering of the partially ordered LC film.
This can be achieved via the SPR propagation constant and the critical angle at the interface between a metal
and an LC film. The proposed idea is also investigated experimentally. For this purpose, we fabricated gold
nano-dots array on an optical fiber tip for localized SPR sensing. The spectral position of the maximum loss in
the transmission spectra depends on the refractive index of the medium surrounding the sensor fiber tips. This
allows for tracking the LC profile parameters.
A fabrication process for PFCB waveguide air-trench bends with scanning electron microscope (SEM)-based electron
beam lithography (EBL) and autoalignment has been developed and high efficiency air-trench bends (97.2% for TE
polarization and 96.2% for TM polarization) have been demonstrated. We have successfully developed a high aspect
ratio (18:1) anisotropic PFCB etch using a CO/O2 etch chemistry in an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etcher
(ICP RIE) for PFCB waveguide air-trench splitter fabrication. The fabricated splitters show a 90.1% overall efficiency
and ~ 85-to-15 (85:15) splitting ratio for 950 nm wide splitter trench, which closely matches 2D-FDTD simulation
results. Using air-trench bends, an ultracompact PFCB arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) 8 x 8 wavelength
demultiplexer for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) application had been designed. Compared to a
conventional AWG in the same material system, the air-trench bend AWG reduces the area required by a factor of 20.
Compact ring resonators using these splitters and bends has been designed and fabrication and improvements are
currently underway.
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