Validation of ultrasound velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics for flow assessment in femoral artery stenotic disease

Lennart van de Velde; Majorie van Helvert; Stefan Engelhard; Ashkan Ghanbarzadeh-Dagheyan; Hadi Mirgolbabaee; Jason Voorneveld; Guillaume Lajoinie; Michel Versluis; Michel M. P. J. Reijnen; Erik Groot Jebbink

doi:10.1117/1.JMI.11.3.037001

16 May 2024 Validation of ultrasound velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics for flow assessment in femoral artery stenotic disease

Lennart van de Velde, Majorie van Helvert, Stefan Engelhard, Ashkan Ghanbarzadeh-Dagheyan, Hadi Mirgolbabaee, Jason Voorneveld, Guillaume Lajoinie, Michel Versluis, Michel M. P. J. Reijnen, Erik Groot Jebbink

Author Affiliations +

Journal of Medical Imaging, Vol. 11, Issue 3, 037001 (May 2024). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.11.3.037001

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the accuracy of high-framerate echo particle image velocimetry (ePIV) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for determining velocity vectors in femoral bifurcation models through comparison with optical particle image velocimetry (oPIV).

Approach

Separate femoral bifurcation models were built for oPIV and ePIV measurements of a non-stenosed (control) and a 75%-area stenosed common femoral artery. A flow loop was used to create triphasic pulsatile flow. In-plane velocity vectors were measured with oPIV and ePIV. Flow was simulated with CFD using boundary conditions from ePIV and additional duplex-ultrasound (DUS) measurements. Mean differences and 95%-limits of agreement (1.96*SD) of the velocity magnitudes in space and time were compared, and the similarity of vector complexity (VC) and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) was assessed.

Results

Similar flow features were observed between modalities with velocities up to 110 and 330 cm/s in the control and the stenosed model, respectively. Relative to oPIV, ePIV and CFD-ePIV showed negligible mean differences in velocity (<3 cm/s), with limits of agreement of ±25 cm/s (control) and ±34 cm/s (stenosed). CFD-DUS overestimated velocities with limits of agreements of 13±40 and 16.1±55 cm/s for the control and stenosed model, respectively. VC showed good agreement, whereas TAWSS showed similar trends but with higher values for ePIV, CFD-DUS, and CFD-ePIV compared to oPIV.

Conclusions

EPIV and CFD-ePIV can accurately measure complex flow features in the femoral bifurcation and around a stenosis. CFD-DUS showed larger deviations in velocities making it a less robust technique for hemodynamical assessment. The applied ePIV and CFD techniques enable two- and three-dimensional assessment of local hemodynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution and thereby overcome key limitations of current clinical modalities making them an attractive and cost-effective alternative for hemodynamical assessment in clinical practice.

CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Lennart van de Velde, Majorie van Helvert, Stefan Engelhard, Ashkan Ghanbarzadeh-Dagheyan, Hadi Mirgolbabaee, Jason Voorneveld, Guillaume Lajoinie, Michel Versluis, Michel M. P. J. Reijnen, and Erik Groot Jebbink "Validation of ultrasound velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics for flow assessment in femoral artery stenotic disease," Journal of Medical Imaging 11(3), 037001 (16 May 2024). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.11.3.037001

Received: 23 November 2023; Accepted: 16 April 2024; Published: 16 May 2024

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KEYWORDS

Ultrasonography

Velocimetry

Arteries

Computational fluid dynamics

Boundary conditions

Hemodynamics

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