Techniques for three-dimensional (3d) printing of glass have opened the door to novel glass structures with both unconventional structures and tailored composition. The state-of-the art in glass 3d printing and associated challenges will be presented. Emphasis will be placed on the direct ink writing approach, which can be used to produce multi-composition optics such as GRIN lenses. The discussion will cover formulation science, mass transport in multi-material systems, as well as strategies for formation of glass and multi-material optics.
Current microfluidic-based microencapsulation systems rely on human experts to monitor and oversee the entire process spanning hours in order to detect and rectify when defects are found. This results in high labor costs, degradation and loss of quality in the desired collected material, and damage to the physical device. We propose an automated monitoring and classification system based on deep learning techniques to train a model for image classification into four discrete states. Then we develop an actuation control system to regulate the flow of material based on the predicted states. Experimental results of the image classification model show class average recognition rate of 95.5%. In addition, simulated test runs of our valve control system verify its robustness and accuracy.
The capability to customize the structure or composition of an optical element gives designers access to previously unrealizable configurations that show promise for reducing costs, enhancing functionality, as well as improving the size, weight, and power of optical systems. Techniques for three-dimensional (3d) printing of glass have opened the door to novel glass optics with both unconventional structures and tailored composition. An overview of the state-of-the art in glass 3d printing will be presented. Particular emphasis will be placed on the direct ink writing (DIW) technique, in which specially formulated silica pastes are extruded through a nozzle and deposited in the geometry of interest, forming low density green bodies. The green bodies are then converted to full density, optically homogeneous glass by a series of heat treatments. The 3d printed silica-based glass components have material and optical properties that rival conventionally prepared optical grade fused silica. In addition, glass optics that contain tailored gradients in composition, such as gradient index lenses, have been achieved by DIW by blending separate inks inline at the print nozzle and directly depositing the desired composition profile before forming the glass. Strategies are also being developed to reduce time to development of new materials and structures.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.