There is increased interest in hyperspectral imaging space missions as a powerful remote sensing technique for Earth observation. The Teledyne HgCdTe FPA and digital ROIC technology enable Teledyne e2v to provide wide bandwidth, high frame-rate detector solutions that are enabling a simplification in hyperspectral instrument design for both institutional large scale missions and for future commercial constellations. In parallel Teledyne e2v are developing III-V technology for surveillance applications that could find use in future generations of space based instruments.
CMOS image sensors traditionally have used a pinned photodiode with a transfer gate to achieve low dark signal and noise. One drawback of the pinned photodiode is the inability to achieve good Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) as the sensor thickness is increased beyond epitaxial thicknesses greater than 10μm as required for higher red response. This is due to the pinned photodiode providing only a very small voltage to deplete the silicon, which results in significant lateral charge diffusion and poor resolution. The limitation in device thickness means that the QE at longer wavelengths (>600nm) is limited for conventional CMOS pixel technologies. A way to increase the depletion depth is to apply a back bias from the rear of the device, however if one were to do this on standard CMOS image sensors then there would be significant leakage current between the back bias and components on the device causing it to not function. A new patented DDE (Deep Depletion Extension) implant helps diode depletion regions to merge laterally creating a “pinch-off” and prevent leakage from in-pixel transistors. This enables epitaxial thickness of up to 50μm to be fully depleted with negligible leakage. The CIS220 is a new ESA GSTP funded derivative of the CIS120 Capella Space Imager platform which incorporates this patented HiRho back bias structure allowing full depletion of the sensor thickness. This paper will present initial results from back-thinned CIS220 devices with 17μm and 33μm thicknesses and will explore the effect of the back bias on electro-optical test results.
Inertial sensing based on cold atom technologies has been proposed as a possible answer to the limited accuracy of current inertial navigation systems. Cold atom technologies offer measurements of inertial quantities that have unprecedented precision and accuracy. However, sensor accuracy is only one of the factors that limit the performance of purely inertial navigation systems. This paper reviews the possible benefits that cold atom quantum sensing may offer in navigation, and discusses a specific example where cold atom gravity gradiometers can be used to augment a standard inertial navigation system through gravitational map-matching.
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