Surface roughness measurements were performed on fused-silica, silicon wafer, and glass-ceramic (Zerodur) by
mechanical stylus profiler, atomic force microscope (AFM), and white light interferometer (WLI). Because of the
differences of spatial frequency bandwidth of the measurement instruments surface roughnesses are actually not directly
comparable. In this study, a novel method has been developed to directly compare the roughnesses measured with
different instruments using power spectral density (PSD) function which can be calculated from the measurement data.
The RMS roughnesses were obtained by integrating areas in the overlapping regions of two or more instruments so that
roughnesses measured with different instruments could be directly compared. The agreement among RMS roughnesses
measured with the different techniques improved considerably, and the remaining differences could be explained as
being caused by surface features to which the instruments responded differently. This fruitful work also provides a great
guidance for the selection of surface roughness measurement instruments.
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