We present a scalable and novel modular optical metro core node architecture employing photonic WDM integrated switches. Multi-degree switching ROADM nodes are used at the metro-core level, while access network is constituted by low-cost ROADM nodes. Photonic integrated switches have been designed as the building blocks to realize this modular metro node architectures, namely photonic WDM space switches with express and add/drop ports, photonic integrated WSS aggregation/disaggregation functions for merging/dropping the network traffic, and photonic integrated multi-cast switch (MCS), to achieve, together with bandwidth variable transceivers aggregators, multi-Terabits/second operation per link. In particular, photonic WDM space switches and photonic integrated WSS are designed as building blocks to realize this novel modular metro node architectures. Moreover, dynamic re-configurable metro-access nodes based on low-cost photonic integrated mini-ROADMs will be presented. The lossless photonic WDM switches are based on InP technology and employ semiconductor optical amplifiers as on-chip gain element and for fast switching. The photonic WDM circuits allow to switch multiple format data signals in wavelength, space and time for full flexibility, scalability of the interconnected network elements, as well as capacity. Applications will be discussed and experimental results will be reported. Finally advances in compact photonic integrated InP switch design using the InP generic technology will be discussed.
Boosted by novel applications, to satisfy the scalable growth in both network traffic volume and connected endpoints while decreasing the cost and the energy consumption, transparent optical metro edge nodes and DC networks (DCNs) based on fast optical switches have been considered, featuring the data rate and format transparency and eliminating the power consuming O/E/O conversions. We present novel WDM photonic integrated switches with nanoseconds reconfiguration time and polarization independent operation. The WDM photonic integrated switches are capable to switching in the wavelength, space, and nanoseconds time domain to provide full flexibility and the required speed to achieve high throughput networks. Application to dynamic optical metro networks and optical DCN architectures based on distributed nanoseconds WDM photonics integrated switches will be presented.
An SDN reconfigurable metro-access network based on modular photonic integrated ROADM nodes with edgecomputing for beyond 5G application is demonstrated. Multi-degree switching ROADM nodes are used at the metrocore level, while access network is constituted by low-cost 2-degree ROADM nodes. Network scalability per node is met via a modular design where new modules are added in a pay-as-you grow manner to meet capacity demands. We present PIC for wavelength selective switches used in the metro-core network. Two distinct integration approaches i.e. monolithic on InP and hybrid integration of SiPh with InP are followed to enable low loss switching.
This article provides insight on two of the most relevant applications driving the design of the future MAN: the implementation of 5G by means of C-RAN (Cloud - Radio Area Network) and the deployment of edge computing. The work addresses important questions such as the target latency budget for future MANs, the target bandwidth requirements for 2020-2030 induced by 5G midhaul and fronthaul traffic, and describes how optical and electronics layers can co-operate to meet the QoS targets of C-RAN and edge computing traffic. In the process, we identify the key architectural elements to meet the challenges of these applications in a cost-effective way.
Innovative photonic solutions designed and developed in the H2020 research project PASSION are presented for the future metropolitan area network (MAN) supporting different aggregated data traffic volumes and operating at heterogenous granularities. System performance evaluated both by simulations and experimentation regarding the proposed vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) -based modular sliceable bandwidth/bitrate variable transceiver (S-BVT) are shown in realistic MANs organized by hierarchical levels with the crossing of multiple nodes characterized by new switching/aggregation technologies. The capabilities and challenges of the proposed cost-effective, energy-efficient and reduced footprint technological solutions will be demonstrated to face the request of huge throughput and traffic scalability.
The ever-increasing demands in traffic fueled by bandwidth hungry applications are pushing data centers to their limits challenging the capacity and scalability of currently established transceiver and switching technologies in data center interconnection (DCI) networks. Coherent optics emerged as a promising solution for inter-DCIs offering unprecedented capacities closer to data centers and relaxing the power budget restrictions of the link. QAMeleon, an EU funded R and D project, is developing a new generation of faster and greener sliceable bandwidth-variable electro-optical transceivers and WSS switches able to handle up to 128 Gbaud optical signals carrying flexible M-QAM constellations and novel modulation techniques. A summary of the progress on the QAMeleon transponder and Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (ROADM) concepts is presented in this paper.
We present a scalable and novel modular optical metro core node architecture and low cost metro access node architectures with edge computing functionalities employing photonic WDM integrated switches. Photonic integrated switches has been des igned as the building blocks to realize the modular metro node architectures, namely photonic WDM switches with express and add/drop ports, photonic integrated WSS aggregation/disaggregation functions for merging/dropping the network traffic, and photonic integrated multi-cast switch (MCS), as well as bandwidth variable transceivers aggregators to achieve multi-Terabits/second operation. Moreover, a dynamic re-configurable metro-access nodes based on low-cost 2-degree photonic integrated mini-ROADMs will be discussed. The lossless photonic WDM switches are based on InP technology and employ semiconductor optical amplifiers as on -chip gain element and fast switch. The photonic WDM circuits allows to switch multiple format data signals in wavelength, space, and time for full flexibility, scalability of the interconnected network elements as well as capacity. Applications to data center interconnects and 5G will be discussed and experimental results reported.
This paper describes and evaluates experimentally a Si3N4 photonic chip based on optical ring resonators (ORRs) assisted by multi-core fiber (MCF) that enables radio beamsteering in 5G by the continuous tuning of the time delay applied to an antenna array. Each ORR includes two heaters: one for tuning the resonance wavelength and another to set the coupling coefficient. In this way, the configuration for beamsteering can be implemented by heater tuning or by wavelength shifting. Each optical path of the photonic chip comprises a thermally tunable optical side band filter (OSBF) and an ORR in cascade configuration. The output of each optical path is transmitted through a core of a MCF to distribute the modulated 5G signals to each array element at the transmitter antenna. This ensures that all the optical paths have the same length and enables the delay tuning of each array antenna element directly set from the photonic chip. Experimental demonstration is carried out with a four-core MCF with 26 GHz signals suitable for 5G transmission.
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