We investigate a quantum random number generation (QRNG) based on backward spontaneous Raman scattering (SpRS) in standard single-mode fiber, where the randomness of photon wavelength superposition and arrival time are simultaneously utilized. The experiment uses four avalanche photodiodes working in gated Geiger mode to detect backward Raman scattering photons from four different wavelength channels and a time-to-digital converter placed behind the detectors to record their arrival time.
There is an increasing demand for multiplexing of quantum key distribution with optical communications in a single fiber in consideration of high costs and practical applications in the metropolitan optical network. Here, we realize the integration of quantum key distribution and Optical Transport Network of 80 Gbps classical data at 15 dBm launch power over 50 km of the widely used standard (G.652 Recommendation of the International Telecom Union Telecom Standardization Sector) telecom fiber. A secure key rate of 11 kbps over 20 km is obtained. By tolerating a high classical optical power up to 18 dBm of 160 Gbps classical data on single mode fiber our result shows the potential and tolerance of quantum key distribution being used in future large capacity transmission systems, such as metropolitan area networks and data center. The quantum key distribution system is stable and practical which is insensitive to the polarization disturbance of channels by using phase coding system based on Faraday-Michelson interferometer. We also discuss the fundamental limit for quantum key distribution performance in the multiplexing environment.
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