In this paper, we proposed a tapered hollow tube which can produce a near diffraction-limit spot and focus the incident
light in far-field region. From previous researches, the sub-wavelength annular aperture (SAA) made on metallic film
generates a Bessel beam in far-field region. Also, the traditional tapered fiber has been widely used in near-field
scanning optical microscope (NSOM) to achieve super-resolution in near-field. Combining these two concepts, tapered
hollow tube was shown to have great potential in creating a small sub-micron spot size and long depth of focus (DOF)
emitted light beam. By using the commercially available capillary and fiber heat-pulling method, it was found that tube
processed per design to be disclosed in this paper can achieve Bessel beam as well. It will be shown that the SAA-like
structure was actually implemented by the geometry of the tube tip. From FDTD simulation and experiment, the emitted
beam was identified to have more than 10 μm DOF and 250-300 nm focal spot excited by using the 408 nm laser source.
These results not only can help us pursue lithography applied to create through silicon via (TSV) process in far-field
region while maintaining near diffraction-limit spot size. The high throughput and side lobe became a serious problem
when continuous incident light was used. To circumvent this problem, the incident light from was changed from
continuous to pulse type and a suitable lithography experimental system designed by using three-axis displacement
platform was developed. All results will be detailed in this paper.
Circular polarization interferometry configuration was used to develop surface plasmon based instrument, which
had two light beams with p- and s- polarization states individually within the common path. We used evanescent field to
determine the concentration of the biological sample via varying incident angles enabled phase interrogation. The
instrument named "OBMorph" includes a light source, an easy to use incident angle varying scheme based on a parabolic
and a spherical mirrors, and prism coupled sample stages. To increase the metrology sensitivity, which depends on
precisely control the angular resolution, a precision step-motor coupled with a parabolic mirror were used to control the
incident angle accurately. By using fault tolerance algorithm, the imperfect adjustment of circular polarization
interferometer was eliminated to obtain a perfect Lissajous curve needed for circular polarization interferometry. The
instrument developed was shown to have resolution as high as 4.92×10-6 RIU. The effect that refractive index of ITO thin
film changes with respect to externally applied voltage was also adopted by coating an ITO thin film onto biochips so as
to shift the surface plasmon resonance angle for larger phase interrogation ranges. We successfully measured CRP and
anti-CRP specific interaction in 0.75 μg/ml ~ 400 μg/ml ranges. In addition, the concentrations of tuberculosis inhibitor -
DHFR and compound Mg2P4O7 that can interact with CYP450 were also quantified successfully. The OBMorph was
shown to have potential applications in areas such as flat panel displays, optical coating, and drug delivery, to name a
few.
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