Prof. Steven A. Soper Profile

Prof. Steven A. Soper

at Louisiana State Univ

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (30)

Proceedings Article | 13 February 2012 Paper

Ultrasensitive fluorescence correlation spectroscopy of highly parallelized microfluidic devices

Brian Canfield, Jason King, William Robinson, William Hofmeister, Steven Soper, Lloyd Davis

Proceedings Volume 8228, 82280G (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.909515

KEYWORDS: Microfluidics, Signal detection, Luminescence, Silica, Microscopes, Digital filtering, Femtosecond phenomena, Fluorescence spectroscopy, CCD cameras, Polymers

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Proceedings Article | 22 January 2007 Paper

Fabrication of a microfluidic system with integrated electrochemical pump and valves

Dong Eun Lee, Steven Soper, Wanjun Wang

Proceedings Volume 6465, 64650B (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.713916

KEYWORDS: Electrodes, Microfluidics, Actuators, System integration, Polymethylmethacrylate, Platinum, Hydrogen, Microfabrication, Photoresist materials, Polymers

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Proceedings Article | 23 January 2006 Paper

High-precision micromilling for low-cost fabrication of metal mold masters

Mateusz Hupert, W. Guy, Shawn Llopis, Catherine Situma, Sudheer Rani, Dimitris Nikitopoulos, Steven Soper

Proceedings Volume 6112, 61120B (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.647135

KEYWORDS: Polymethylmethacrylate, Micro cutting, Microfluidics, Metals, Polymers, Fabrication, Numerical simulations, Diffusion, Optical filters, Scanning electron microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 23 January 2006 Paper

Polymeric waveguides for orthogonal near surface fluorescent excitation

Proyag Datta, Feng Xu, Sitanshu Gurung, Steven Soper, Jost Goettert

Proceedings Volume 6112, 611208 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.647014

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Microfluidics, Polymers, Luminescence, Polymer multimode waveguides, Polymethylmethacrylate, Interfaces, Refractive index, Optical fibers, Cladding

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Proceedings Article | 23 January 2006 Paper

Microfabrication and test of pre-aligned fiber bundle couplers with integrated microlens array

Ren Yang, Steven Soper, Wanjun Wang

Proceedings Volume 6113, 61130Y (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.650177

KEYWORDS: Microlens array, Fiber couplers, Microlens, Photomasks, Collimators, Optical fibers, Lithography, Ultraviolet radiation, Polymers, Light sources

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Proceedings Article | 23 January 2006 Paper

Fabrication and test of an electrochemical microactutor

Dong Eun Lee, Steven Soper, Wanjun Wang

Proceedings Volume 6112, 61120N (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.650850

KEYWORDS: Electrodes, Actuators, Microfluidics, Platinum, Microactuators, Hydrogen, Glasses, Resistance, Prototyping, Lithography

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Proceedings Article | 22 January 2005 Paper

Fabrication of out-of-plane refractive concave and convex microlens arrays

Ren Yang, Steven Soper, Wanjun Wang

Proceedings Volume 5717, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.601832

KEYWORDS: Microlens array, Microlens, Lithography, Fiber couplers, Photomasks, Optical components, Polymers, Integrated optics, Free space optics, System integration

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Proceedings Article | 22 January 2005 Paper

Microfabrication of an integrated SU-8 waveguide with an embedded focusing lens for application in single-molecule detection (SMD)

Ren Yang, Steven Soper, Wanjun Wang

Proceedings Volume 5718, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.591956

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Microlens, Lithography, Microfluidics, Polymethylmethacrylate, Multiplexing, Polymers, Prototyping, Microfabrication, Charge-coupled devices

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Proceedings Article | 13 July 2004 Paper

Separation of breast cancer cells from peripherally circulating blood using antibodies fixed in microchannels

Juan Feng, Steven Soper, Robin McCarley, Michael Murphy

Proceedings Volume 5312, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.529748

KEYWORDS: Breast cancer, Polymethylmethacrylate, Cancer, Tumors, Blood, Molecules, Luminescence, Receptors, Chemistry, Mammography

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Proceedings Article | 23 December 2003 Paper

Design of a microfabricated device for ligase detection reaction (LDR)

Dwhyte Barrett, Amit Maha, Yun Wang, Steven Soper, Dimitris Nikitopoulos, Michael Murphy

Proceedings Volume 5345, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.524681

KEYWORDS: Thermoelectric materials, Microfabrication, Finite element methods, Polymethylmethacrylate, Polymers, Diffusion, Prototyping, X-rays, Glasses, Annealing

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Proceedings Article | 23 December 2003 Paper

Simulation and design of micromixers for microfluidic devices

Amit Maha, Dwhyte Barrett, Dimitris Nikitopoulos, Steven Soper, Michael Murphy

Proceedings Volume 5345, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.530788

KEYWORDS: Microfluidics, Diffusion, Protactinium, Autoregressive models, Numerical simulations, Computer simulations, Silicon, Polymers, Cancer, Diagnostics

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Proceedings Article | 19 June 2003 Paper

Detection of low abundant mutations in DNA using single-molecule FRET and ligase detection reactions

Musundi Wabuyele, Hannah Farquar, Wieslaw Stryjewski, Robert Hammer, Steven Soper, Yu-Wei Cheng, Francis Barany

Proceedings Volume 4962, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.478916

KEYWORDS: Molecules, Luminescence, Fluorescence resonance energy transfer, Microfluidics, Diagnostics, Polymethylmethacrylate, Statistical analysis, Target detection, Colorectal cancer, Semiconductor lasers

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Proceedings Article | 17 January 2003 Paper

Polymer-based microfluidic devices for biomedical applications

Mateusz Hupert, Malgorzata Witek, Yun Wang, Michael Mitchell, Xuezhu Liu, Yannick Bejat, Dimitris Nikitopoulos, Jost Goettert, Michael Murphy, Steven Soper

Proceedings Volume 4982, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.480771

KEYWORDS: Polymethylmethacrylate, Microfluidics, Polymers, Luminescence, Glasses, Chemistry, Microfabrication, Annealing, Photoresist materials, Biomedical optics

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Proceedings Article | 17 January 2003 Paper

Modeling and validation of a molded polycarbonate continuous-flow polymerase chain reaction device

Michael Mitchell, Xuezhu Liu, Yannick Bejat, Dimitris Nikitopoulos, Steven Soper, Michael Murphy

Proceedings Volume 4982, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.478142

KEYWORDS: Liquid crystals, Polymers, Microfluidics, Scanning electron microscopy, Instrument modeling, Finite element methods, Temperature metrology, X-rays, Prototyping, Microfabrication

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Proceedings Article | 17 January 2003 Paper

Electrochemical micropump and its application in a DNA mixing and analysis system

Dong Lee, Hang-Ping Chen, Steven Soper, Wanjun Wang

Proceedings Volume 4982, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.478141

KEYWORDS: Electrodes, Glasses, Microfluidics, Gold, Prototyping, Copper, Photography, Analytical research, Resistance, Etching

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Proceedings Article | 21 June 2002 Paper

Multiplexed analysis using time-resolved near-IR fluorescence for the detection of genomic material

Wieslaw Stryjewski, Steven Soper, Suzzane Lassiter, Lloyd Davis

Proceedings Volume 4626, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.472082

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Microscopes, Picosecond phenomena, Semiconductor lasers, Head, Multiplexing, Sensors, Time resolved spectroscopy, Capillaries, Fluorescence spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 28 September 2001 Paper

Rapid fabrication of embossing tools for the production of polymeric microfluidic devices for bioanalytical applications

Sean Ford, Andrew McCandless, Xuezhu Liu, Steven Soper

Proceedings Volume 4560, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.443060

KEYWORDS: Polymers, Nickel, Microfluidics, Polymethylmethacrylate, X-ray lithography, Scanning electron microscopy, Ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, Metals, X-ray sources

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Proceedings Article | 3 May 1999 Paper

Simple scanning near-infrared time-correlated single-photon counting instrument with a pulsed diode laser and avalanche photodiode (APD) for time-resolved measurements in scanning applications with

Yuling Zhang, Steven Soper, Lyle Middendorf, John Wrum, Rainer Erdmann, Michael Wahl

Proceedings Volume 3602, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.347539

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Single photon, Microscopes, Semiconductor lasers, Luminescence, Head, Avalanche photodiodes, Picosecond phenomena, Aluminum, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 3 May 1999 Paper

Nanoliter-scale sample preparation methods directly coupled to PMMA-based microchips and gel-filled capillaries for the analysis of oligonucleotides

Steven Soper, Sean Ford, Yichuan Xu, Shize Qi, Scott McWhorter, Suzzane Lassiter, Don Patterson, Richard Bruch

Proceedings Volume 3602, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.347538

KEYWORDS: Capillaries, Connectors, Polymethylmethacrylate, Luminescence, Information operations, Silica, Scintillation, Etching, Sensors, Polymers

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We are currently developing miniaturized, chip-based electrophoresis devices fabricated in plastics for the high speed separation of oligonucleotides. One of the principal advantages associated with these devices is their small sample requirements, typically in the nanoliter to sub-nanoliter range. Unfortunately, most standard sample preparation protocols, especially for oligonucleotides, are done off-chip on a microliter-scale. Our work has focused on the development of capillary nano-reactors coupled to micro-separation platforms, such as micro-electrophoresis chips, for the preparation of sequencing ladders and also, PCR reactions. These nano-reactors consist of fused silica capillary tubes (length equals 10 - 20 cm; id equals 20 - 50 micrometer) with fluid pumping accomplished using the electro-osmotic flow generated by the tubes. These reactors were situated in fast thermal cyclers to perform cycle sequencing or PCR amplification of the DNAs. The reactors were interfaced to the micro-electrophoresis chips via capillary connectors micromachined in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using deep X- ray etching (width equals 50 micrometer; depth equals 50 micrometer) and were situated directly on the PMMA-based microchip. This chip also contained an injector, separation channel (length equals 6 cm; width equals 30 micrometers; depth equals 50 micrometers) and a dual fiber optic, near- infrared fluorescence detector. The sequencing nano-reactor used surface immobilized templates attached to the wall via a biotin:streptavidin:biotin linkage produced by PCR using a biotinylated forward primer. Sequencing tracks could be directly injected into gel-filled capillary tubes with minimal degradation in the efficiency of the separation process. The nano-reactor could also be configured to perform PCR reactions by filling the capillary tube with the PCR reagents and template. After thermal cycling, the PCR cocktail could be injected into a capillary tube or a micro-chip device for fractionation. In all cases, the detection of the oligonucleotides was accomplished using ultra-sensitive near- IR fluorescence detection.

Proceedings Article | 22 May 1997 Paper

All-solid-state TCPC instrument for dynamic lifetime measurements in sensitive DNA analysis

Rainer Erdmann, Michael Wahl, Kristian Lauritsen, Joerg Enderlein, Benjamin Legendre, Daryl Williams, Steven Soper

Proceedings Volume 2985, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.274364

KEYWORDS: Picosecond phenomena, Semiconductor lasers, Luminescence, Single photon, Capillaries, Solid state electronics, Solid state lasers, Electronics, Light scattering, Electro optical modeling

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Proceedings Article | 22 May 1997 Paper

Microelectrophoresis devices with integrated fluorescence detectors and reactors for high-throughput DNA sequencing

Steven Soper, Sean Ford, Jack Davies, Daryl Williams, Benxu Cheng, J. Michael Klopf, Gina Calderon, Volker Saile

Proceedings Volume 2985, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.274366

KEYWORDS: Capillaries, Polymethylmethacrylate, Polymers, X-rays, Silica, Semiconducting wafers, Luminescence, Photomasks, Sensors, Scintillation

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This work describes the development of micro-devices for high-throughput DNA sequencing applications. Basically, two research efforts will be discussed; (1) fabrication and characterization of micro-reactors to prepare Sanger chain terminated DNA sequencing fragments on a nanoliter scale and; (2) x-ray photolithography of PMMA substrates for the high aspect ratio preparation of electrophoresis devices. The micro-reactor consisted of a 5'-biotinylated catfish olfactory gene, which was amplified by PCR, and attached to the interior wall of an aminoalkylisilane derivatized fused- silica capillary tube via a streptavidin/biotin linkage. Coverage of the interior capillary wall with biotinylated DNA averaged 77 percent. Stability of the anchored template under pressure and electroosmotic rinsing was favorable, requiring approximately 150 h of continuous rinsing to reduce the coverage by only 50 percent. The capillary micro- reactor was placed inside an air thermocycler to control temperature during Sanger ddNTP chain extension and directly coupled to a capillary separation column filled with a LPA solution via low dead volume capillary interlocks. The complimentary DNA fragments generated in the reactor were heat denatured from the immobilized template and directly injected onto a gel-filled capillary using electropumping for size fractionation and detection using NIR-LIF analysis. The total amount of termination fragments in the 31 nL reactor volume was estimated to be 5.2 X 10¹³ moles and sequencing was shown to produce read lengths on the order to 400 bases. Work will also be described concerning the development of micro-electrophoresis devices in x-ray sensitive photoresists using LIGA techniques. An electrophoresis device with an integrated fluorescence detector was constructed for the high resolution separation of DNA oligonucleotides. The choice of substrate for the electrophoresis was PMMA, due to its intrinsic low electroosmotic flow. Using x-ray lithography in PMMA substrates, the aspect ratios associated with the micromachining was estimated to be > 10,000:1.

Proceedings Article | 7 May 1997 Paper

Heavy-atom modified near-IR fluorescent dyes for DNA sequencing applications: synthesis and photophysical characterization

James Flanagan, Sarah Romero, Benjamin Legendre, Robert Hammer, Steven Soper

Proceedings Volume 2980, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.273529

KEYWORDS: Chemical species, Luminescence, Chromophores, Dysprosium, Capillaries, Absorption, Quantum efficiency, Absorbance, Sodium, Near infrared

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Proceedings Article | 1 April 1996 Paper

New directions in near-IR fluorescence detection for capillary electrophoresis

Steven Soper, James Flanagan, Benjamin Legendre, Daryl Williams, Robert Hammer

Proceedings Volume 2680, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.237601

KEYWORDS: Capillaries, Semiconductor lasers, Luminescence, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Near infrared, Sensors, Avalanche photodiodes, Laser induced fluorescence, Molecules, Semiconductors

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Proceedings Article | 1 April 1996 Paper

Micro-DNA sequence analysis using capillary electrophoresis and near-IR fluorescence detection

Steven Soper, Yolanda Davidson, James Flanagan, Benjamin Legendre, Clyde Owens, Daryl Williams, Robert Hammer

Proceedings Volume 2680, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.237611

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Near infrared, Capillaries, Semiconductor lasers, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Chemical species, Absorption, Picosecond phenomena, Diodes, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 8 May 1995 Paper

Fluorescence properties of near-infrared tricarbocyanine dyes bound to double-stranded DNA

Steven Soper, Yolanda Davidson, Bonnie Gunn

Proceedings Volume 2388, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.208482

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Absorption, Polarization, Near infrared, Spectroscopy, Molecules, Near infrared spectroscopy, Inspection, Information operations, Capillaries

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Proceedings Article | 3 April 1995 Paper

Single-lane single-fluor sequencing using dideoxy-labeled, heavy-atom-modified near-IR fluorescent dyes

Daryl Williams, James Flanagan, Benjamin Legendre, Robert Hammer, Steven Soper

Proceedings Volume 2386, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.206008

KEYWORDS: Near infrared, Luminescence, Capillaries, Polymers, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Absorption, Chemical species, Avalanche photodiodes, Sensors, Chromophores

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Proceedings Article | 27 July 1994 Paper

Picosecond laser studies of the solvent-dependent nonradiative pathways in near-IR fluorescent dyes: implications on their use in ultrasensitive analysis

Steven Soper, Quincy Mattingly, Benjamin Legendre

Proceedings Volume 2138, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.181361

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Near infrared, Quantum efficiency, Absorption, Binary data, Picosecond phenomena, Signal to noise ratio, Capillaries, Molecules, Time resolved spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 21 July 1994 Paper

Ultrasensitive near-IR fluorescence detection in capillary zone electrophoresis

Steven Soper, Benjamin Legendre, James Flanagan, Daryl Williams, Robert Hammer

Proceedings Volume 2136, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.180791

KEYWORDS: Capillaries, Near infrared, Luminescence, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Proteins, Sensors, Dysprosium, Molecules, Magnesium, Laser induced fluorescence

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Proceedings Article | 24 June 1993 Paper

Ultrasensitive NIR fluorescence detection and its application to the analysis of DNA

Steven Soper, Quincy Mattingly, Benjamin Legendre, Daryl Williams, James Flanagan, Robert Hammer

Proceedings Volume 1895, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.146721

KEYWORDS: Molecules, Near infrared, Luminescence, Molecular lasers, Photodetectors, Optical filters, Quantum efficiency, Pulsed laser operation, Absorption, Fluorescence spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1991 Paper

Rapid sequencing of DNA based on single-molecule detection

Steven Soper, Lloyd Davis, Frederick Fairfield, Mark Hammond, Carol Harger, James Jett, Richard Keller, Babetta Marrone, John Martin, Harvey Nutter, E. Brooks Shera, Daniel Simpson

Proceedings Volume 1435, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.44241

KEYWORDS: Molecules, Molecular lasers, Luminescence, Quantum efficiency, Microscopes, Molecular photonics, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Laser induced fluorescence, Systems modeling, Microchannel plates

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